Works of Charles and Mary Lamb. VI-VII. Letters
Charles Lamb to William Godwin, 18 September 1801
I SHALL be glad to come home and talk these matters
over with you. I have read your scheme very attentively. That Arabella has been mistress to King
Charles is sufficient to all the purposes of the story. It can
only diminish that respect we feel for her to make her turn whore to one of the
Lords of his Bedchamber. Her son must not know that she has been a whore: it
matters not that she has been whore to a King: equally in both cases it is
against decorum and against the delicacy of a son’s respect that he
should be privy to it. No doubt, many sons might feel a wayward pleasure in the
honourable guilt of their mothers; but is it a true feeling? Is it the best
sort of feeling? Is it a feeling to be exposed on theatres to mothers and
daughters? Your conclusion (or rather Defoe’s) comes far short of the tragic ending, which is
always expected; and it is not safe to disappoint. A tragic auditory wants blood. They care but little about a man and his wife
parting. Besides, what will you do with the son, after all his pursuits and
adventures? Even quietly leave him to take guinea-and-a-half lodgings with
mamma in Leghorn! O impotent and pacific measures! . . . I am certain that you
must mix up some strong ingredients of distress to give a savour to your
pottage. I still think that you may, and must, graft the story of Savage upon Defoe. Your
hero must kill a man or do some thing. Can’t you
bring him to the gallows or some great mischief, out of which she must have
recourse to an explanation with her husband to save him. Think on this. The
husband, for instance, has great friends in Court at Leghorn. The son is
condemned to death. She cannot teaze him for a stranger. She must tell the
whole truth. Or she may tease him, as for a stranger,
till (like Othello in Cassio’s case) he begins to suspect her for
her importunity. Or, being pardoned, can she not teaze her husband to get him
banished? Something of this I suggested
1801 | DRAMATIC EXPEDIENTS | 229 |
before. Both is best. The
murder and the pardon will make business for the fourth act, and the banishment
and explanation (by means of the Friend I want you to
draw) the fifth. You must not open any of the truth to Dawley by means of a letter. A letter is a feeble messenger on
the stage. Somebody, the son or his friend, must, as a coup de main, be
exasperated, and obliged to tell the husband. Damn the husband and his
“gentlemanlike qualities.” Keep him out of sight, or he
will trouble all. Let him be in England on trade, and come home, as Biron does in Isabella, in the fourth act, when he is
wanted. I am for introducing situations, sort of counterparts to situations,
which have been tried in other plays—like but not the same. On this principle I
recommended a friend like Horatio in the
“Fair
Penitent,” and on this principle I recommend a situation like
Othello, with relation
to Desdemona’s intercession for
Cassio. By-scenes may likewise receive
hints. The son may see his mother at a mask or feast, as Romeo, Juliet. The festivity of the company contrasts with the strong
perturbations of the individuals. Dawley
may be told his wife’s past unchastity at a mask by some
witch-character—as Macbeth upon the heath,
in dark sentences. This may stir his brain, and be forgot, but come in aid of
stronger proof hereafter. From this, what you will perhaps call whimsical way
of counterparting, this honest stealing, and original mode of plagiarism, much
yet, I think, remains to be sucked. Excuse these abortions. I thought you would
want the draught soon again, and I would not send it empty away.—Yours truly,
WILLIAM GODWIN!!!
Somers Town, 17th Sept., 1801.
Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)
English novelist and miscellaneous writer; author of
Robinson
Crusoe (1719),
Moll Flanders (1722) and
Roxanna (1724).
Richard Savage (1698-1743)
Maladroit English poet, the reputed son of Earl Rivers, who was immortalized by Samuel
Johnson in his
Life of Savage (1744).