Reminiscences of a Literary Life
CHAP. XIV
CHAPTER XIV
LORD DUDLEY AND WARD
In the neighbourhood of Rome, on the top of Mount Soracte, I met
an English gentleman, followed by a high-bred, unmistakable English dog, the sort of dear
creature I had not seen for some years. I was little more than a youth at that time (1821),
and even now that I am getting into the vecchi anni I am not ashamed to confess that at the
time of this meeting I was amusing myself by pitching stones down the steep end of the
Horatian mountain, to see how far they would roll, and how many they would carry along with
them; and that my acquaintance with an illustrious man was preceded by my making friends
with his dog. The gentleman, a great many years my senior, addressed me, and we got into
talk about the Campagna of Rome, a good part of which lay outspread beneath us, about the
malaria, and other topical subjects. I was greatly struck by the originality and spirit of
some of his remarks, and could easily make out that he was a high-bred and highly educated
man. Such a description of person was not, and, thank God! is not yet, very rare among
Englishmen in easy or even uneasy circumstances.
We parted on the ridge of Soracte, without my knowing or much caring who or
what he was. But, not many days after, I renewed my acquaintance with the beautiful dog and
his master in the Colosseum, when the talking unit of the duo very kindly recognized me,
and fell into talk—clever, original,
138 | LORD DUDLEY |
[CHAP. XIV |
delightful talk. Shortly after
this, I met him again at the house of Torlonia, the
Roman Prince-banker; and there, for the first time, learned that he was the Hon. H. Ward, heir to the Earldom of Dudley and Ward. Even
then, he was very wealthy, and was living at Rome in princely style.
We again met repeatedly; he was exceedingly kind, and what was more,
exceedingly amusing; and if not instructive, suggestive. But I was shy of his rank; and
had, at that time, rather a mistaken notion of the morgue of our English aristocracy.
Long after this, in the late autumn or winter of 1829, when I used to
follow the harriers across Brighton Downs, I several times saw, and now and then rode side
by side with, a very peculiar, odd-mannered gentleman who bent forward as he galloped, and
was generally talking to his horse, quite audibly, as well as patting his neck. It struck
me that somewhere in this wide world I had seen him before, but I could not remember where.
Feeling a little excited by my uncertainty and doubt, I spoke to William Stewart Rose, who guessed from my description of the gentleman that
it must be Lord Lake. But, one morning, as I was reading
some Italian book, and Rose was spouting Greek, ore
rotundo, in his library, Dan
Hinves came in and said: “Lord, sir! here’s Lord Dudley and Ward!” “Show his
lordship in!” said Rose, and in came my acquaintance of
Mount Soracte and of the Downs. Nine or ten years make a great difference in any man,
whether he be young or old; but most, if the elder be not past the “mezzo cammin,” in a youth. His lordship could
not have recognized me, but I must say that I was excusable in not recognizing him, for he
was sadly and fearfully altered and changed, far more than the mere progress of time would
account for. He had been ill, excited and perplexed by the duties of office as Foreign
Secretary; and for some time he had betrayed symptoms of the unhappy malady
which made him the object of a keeper’s care,
and which not long after this brought him to his grave.
But when Rose had presented me, and
had said a few kind words about me, I recalled to his lordship the Soracte meeting, and
spoke of a few other things which brought me back to his recollection, and upon this he
cordially greeted me. We fell, à la Rose, into
desultory and very cheerful talk, in which, with a few intervals of abstraction, Lord Dudley took his fair part. We talked so long that
Dan Hinves came in to announce our early dinner.
“Rose,” said his lordship, “will
you let me stay and partake of your polenta
or minestra? I am amused where I am, and
don’t know how much I may be bored where I may go, if I leave you.” My
host was delighted at the proposition. Here this man of high rank, of eminent wit, of
social qualities, and of enormous wealth, made a confession which struck me and which has
haunted my mind ever since, greatly to the disparagement of our stiff, formal, London
society, that he hardly knew a man to whom he could invite himself to dinner, and that he
knew only two or three houses where he could drop in to tea, or even ask for a cup of tea,
without being invited. This was said at the end of 1829. Have we mended these matters since
then? In the evening, Mr. Hallam dropped in, and the
conversation, as befitting a grave historian, became more serious.
But here I was sorry to see that Lord
Dudley became more abstracted and at times quite flighty. As I was putting
on my cloak and wrapper to walk home with him, Hinves whispered in my ear: “Take care, zur, for he is queer in
the head.”
Rose, who had known him intimately for very many
years, had a great affection and quite as much admiration for the man; and, like Mr. Hallam and other friends of his lordship, he hoped and
seemed to believe that Lord Ward’s infirmity would
stop
140 | LORD DUDLEY |
[CHAP. XIV |
short at excessive eccentricity, and that he might live to
exercise his liberality and munificence to the fulness of years. “His mother,” Rose would say,
“has always been far more eccentric than he, yet she has reached a good old
age, and still paints her cheeks, goes into society, and drives about the world in a
coach and four. There is great generosity of heart, as well as cleverness of head,
about Ward. He seemed destined to be a first-rate writer, and a
first-rate statesman. George Canning always
spoke of him as one of the cleverest men of the day. You remember he was Foreign
Secretary under the Canning administration, and so continued under
Lord Goderich. If, to make a good Foreign
Secretary, a profound acquaintance with the Law of Nations, a statesmanlike view and
grasp of political affairs, a wonderful ability in drawing up State papers, and a
thorough sincerity and honesty of purpose would have been enough, then
Ward would have been the very best Minister who ever presided
in Downing Street; but, poor fellow, he early betrayed an infirmity that could not fail
of being fatal to a Minister and diplomatist: he thought aloud, and would involuntarily
give vent to what was passing in his mind, no matter where the place or what the
audience. At times, these loud uttered thoughts were delivered without the least regard
to les bienséances, not merely of diplomacy,
but of general society. To me the effect was ludicrous, but to graver men it was often
awful.” Rose gave no illustrations of this; but he
afterwards told me the following anecdote: When the Goderich
Administration was dissolving in its own intrinsic weakness, but before the fact was
apparent to the enlightened public, or known to the Foreign Legations in London, his
lordship, as Minister, gave a grand diplomatic dinner, at his most elegant house in Park
Lane. He did the honours admirably, he enlivened the conversation with flashes of wit and
keen observation, but towards the close of the repast CHAP. XIV] | FITS OF ABSTRACTION | 141 |
he fell into one of his fits of abstraction; and then, at the
head of his table, with the Ambassadors of Austria, France, Russia, and the Plenipos,
Ministers, and Envoys of all the world sitting at the board, he thus spoke aloud what was
passing through his mind: “I will resign. I know I must. By G——d! we must all go
out! It is all up with Goody! Not a move to make, not a leg to
stand upon!” The Corps Diplomatique stared at one another, with all their
eyes, in mute astonishment.
One night at Brighton, when his lordship was no longer in office, he gave a
dinner-party, and was collected and exceedingly pleasant till the dessert, when a servant
brought in a note, and delivered it to the Count de C., a Frenchman,
who was of the party. Without thinking of, or perhaps without knowing, the English formula,
“Will you permit me?” the Count opened the letter and began to read
it. Upon this the host rose, snatched the paper from his hand, and put it in the fire. His
guests, mostly English, were “struck of a heap,” consternated, and the
more so as the Count was a fire-eating, duelling fellow, and was now in a towering passion.
Ward’s friends intervened, but in order to
restore peace they were obliged to make the painful confession that his lordship was liable
to temporary aberrations of the intellect. Not long after this incident, as Rose and I were going slowly up the London Road, towards
Preston, his lordship overtook us, flanked Rose, and fell into
pleasant talk. Rose was not riding Velluti, as it was evening, not
morning, and we were going to dine at old General
Calcraft’s; but had he been on his donkey, it would have been all the
same to Dudley and Ward. We had a very, very short way to go, but
before we achieved the distance, a carriage drawn by four posters, and having within it a
lady and gentleman, rapidly met and passed us. “So!” said Lord
Ward, thinking to himself, “here comes Lady Holland and her atheist!” “Is it indeed Lady
142 | LORD DUDLEY |
[CHAP. XIV |
Holland?” said Rose. “Yes,
her ladyship and Mr. Allen,” replied
Lord Ward. “I have heard of a great lady never travelling
without her chaplain—but an atheist!” said Rose.
“Atheist?” said his lordship, “did I say atheist? Well, the
thought rushed through my mind, and perhaps I was not so far wrong, for, if
Allen is not an atheist, he is a philosopher of the Edinburgh
school of the fag-end of the last century; and that comes pretty much to the same
thing.” I would not speak of hatred or malice, of which I believe poor
Lord Ward to have been incapable, but to Lady
Holland and to Allen, Lord
H.’s Magliabecchi, provider, and crammer, his aversion and dislike were
intense, and he never took any care to suppress or conceal his feelings. Old Sir Samuel Shepherd and his niece, Miss
Runnington, were at a picnic, in Mr. Lock’s park
in the Harrow Road, and with many others were talking and laughing with Lord
Ward, who was in the highest spirits and overflowing with wit and humour;
but, on a sudden, he darted from them, jumped over a hedge, and disappeared. What was it?
Nothing but Lady Holland approaching the spot where he had been,
leaning on the arm of Mr. Allen.
He had not much more affection for old Sam
Rogers than for her ladyship or Mr.
Allen; he disliked him as a retainer and component part of Holland House,
and for various other not very amiable peculiarities.
The banker-poet knew this, and hence this spiteful and untrue distich:
“They say Ward has no heart, but I
deny it; He has a heart, and gets his speeches by it.” |
Old Sam carried a dirk, and on occasion never
failed to use it. As for heart, I do not believe he ever had the tithe of Lord Ward’s.
Although Hallam was an habitué of Holland House, his lordship had both esteem and affection
CHAP. XIV] | GABRIELE ROSSETTI | 143 |
for him, and when his unhappy malady
increased, when he was put under restraint, Hallam was one of the very
few friends he would admit in his lucid intervals.
Next to Rose, this accomplished
nobleman was, I think, about the best of our Italian scholars; he was deep in Dante, and spoke the bella
lingua almost to perfection.
I remember how indignant he was at an insane attempt made by that
Neapolitan improvvisatore and fugitive carbonaro, G.
Rossetti, to turn the sublime language, imagery, and allusions of the
“Divina Commedia” into the
shibboleth, slang, or gergo, of secret,
conspiring, political societies of the Middle Ages.
Lord Dudley and Ward had written one or two clever
articles for the Quarterly
Review. They were admirable, and attracted the more notice as being
known to come from him; but John Murray, the
proprietor, and old Gifford, the editor of the
Review, had great difficulty in getting anything more out of him.
“My lord,” said King
John, “if you had only been born a poor man, and were now forced to
write for your living, like Southey, what a
first-rate reviewer you would have made!”
“Thank you, Murray,” said his lordship, “but I think, on the whole, I
would rather have the coal-pits and the peerage, than be that!”
Fastidious he was, in many things; but I fancy that what this
extraordinary man most abhorred was affectation, whether in woman or in man, and that his
passion for the first Lady Lyndhurst in good part arose
out of her total want of that rather common quality. Old Sam
Rogers, who returned, with interest, his lordship’s antipathy and
dislike, used to say that Ward himself was a “concrete of affectation.”
Not so; it was not affectation, but a most acute
144 | LORD DUDLEY |
[CHAP. XIV |
taste, and an innate, irrepressible oddity, strengthened no doubt by his malady; it was all
natural to him; it was, in fact, his nature itself.
LORD DOVER
In the winter of 1832-33, a few months before his premature and lamented
death, his lordship was staying at Brighton in very bad, and visibly very bad, health. His
house was flanked on either side by a rich, pompous, party-giving citizen and citizeness.
Those new Brighton houses were neither so comfortable nor so substantial as they looked
outside; the partition walls between them were thin and porous to sound. One night, when he
was very ill, his right-hand neighbour gave a grand soirée with a
concert. There was no escaping the noise, and poor Lord
Dover suffered from it. On calling upon him next morning, he said in his
quiet manner: “I have had a bad night of it! I really believe that our next-door
neighbour would give a ball and dance at his house, even if he knew I were in the very
act of dying.” A few nights after this, when his lordship was still worse,
and when that neighbour knew it, the man on his left did give a ball, a crowded and very
noisy one, for it was full season at Brighton, and a Cavalry Regiment was in barracks, and
all the officers who attended the ball waltzed and mazurkaed with their spurs on. I say
that this christianly neighbour knew his lordship’s condition: he had been politely
warned, though not by Lady Dover, or by any of the
family. His answer was that “cards” had been issued, and that invitations could
not be recalled. But who has lived in London, or in any “fashionable” or
“respectable” quarter of it, without being made painfully sensible of the utter
indifference of next-door neighbours? of the total disregard of No. 4 to the misery, agony,
or death that may be passing at
CHAP. XIV] | NATIONAL FAULTS | 145 |
No. 3 on the one
side, or at No. 5 on the other? The lower grades of society are higher in this regard: a
poor tradesman will not have song and supper, romp and clatter, if he knows that there is
death or dangerous sickness in the next house; and I think I have observed that the very
poor, the hard-working classes, are thoughtful and delicate in such occurrences. I take it
that the heartlessness of English society—if we have anything left that can be really
called society—increases in exact proportion to the increase of pretension and love of
display, and that it is in part owing to the insane desire of doing in brick-built street
or terrace houses that which can be done properly only in palaces or detached stone
mansions. If, as a nation, we have much to be proud of, verily we have much of which to be
ashamed! Our pretension, our egotism, our common lack of ease and amiability, will not
recommend us in the eyes of posterity, even though that posterity should be worse than
ourselves—a case, to all appearance, very likely to occur.
John Allen (1771-1843)
Scottish physician and intimate of Lord Holland; he contributed to the
Edinburgh Review and
Encyclopedia Britannica and published
Inquiry into the Rise and Growth of the Royal Prerogative in
England (1830). He was the avowed atheist of the Holland House set.
Sir Granby Thomas Calcraft (1767 c.-1820)
The illegitimate son of John Calcraft (d. 1772), he was educated at Harrow and Eton and
was a regimental commander in the Peninsular War.
George Canning (1770-1827)
Tory statesman; he was foreign minister (1807-1809) and prime minister (1827); a
supporter of Greek independence and Catholic emancipation.
Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
Florentine poet, the author of the
Divine Comedy and other
works.
George James Welbore Agar- Ellis, first baron Dover (1797-1833)
The son of Henry Welbore Agar-Ellis, second Viscount Clifden; he was MP for Haytersbury
(1818-20), Seaford (1820-26), Ludgershall (1826-30) and Okehampton (1830-31); he was raised
to the peerage in 1831.
Lady Georgiana Ellis [née Howard] (d. 1860)
The daughter of George Howard, sixth Earl of Carlisle; in 1822 she married George James
Welbore Agar-Ellis, first Baron Dover.
Elizabeth Fox, Lady Holland [née Vassall] (1771 c.-1845)
In 1797 married Henry Richard Fox, Lord Holland, following her divorce from Sir Godfrey
Webster; as mistress of Holland House she became a pillar of Whig society.
Henry Richard Fox, third baron Holland (1773-1840)
Whig politician and literary patron; Holland House was for many years the meeting place
for reform-minded politicians and writers. He also published translations from the Spanish
and Italian;
Memoirs of the Whig Party was published in 1852.
William Gifford (1756-1826)
Poet, scholar, and editor who began as a shoemaker's apprentice; after Oxford he
published
The Baviad (1794),
The Maeviad
(1795), and
The Satires of Juvenal translated (1802) before becoming
the founding editor of the
Quarterly Review (1809-24).
Henry Hallam (1777-1859)
English historian and contributor to the
Edinburgh Review, author
of
Introduction to the Literature of Europe, 4 vols (1837-39) and
other works. He was the father of Tennyson's Arthur Hallam.
Daniel Hinves (d. 1838)
For forty years valet to William Stewart Rose, he was a friend to writers and the
original of Scott's David Gellately.
Francis Gerard Lake, second viscount Lake (1772-1836)
The son of General Gerard Lake, the first viscount (d. 1808); he was a military officer,
promoted to major-general in 1811. He was lord of the bedchamber, 1813-30. Twice married,
he was succeeded by his brother.
Antonio Magliabecchi (1633-1714)
Italian scholar who catalogued the manuscripts in the Biblioteca Laurenziana and
collected a vast personal library.
John Murray II (1778-1843)
The second John Murray began the
Quarterly Review in 1809 and
published works by Scott, Byron, Austen, Crabbe, and other literary notables.
Frederick John Robinson, first earl of Ripon (1782-1859)
Educated at Harrow and St. John's College, Cambridge, he was a Tory MP for Carlow
(1806-07) and Ripon (1807-27), Chancellor of the Exchequer (1823-27), and prime minister
(1827-28) in succession to Canning.
Samuel Rogers (1763-1855)
English poet, banker, and aesthete, author of the ever-popular
Pleasures of Memory (1792),
Columbus (1810),
Jaqueline (1814), and
Italy (1822-28).
William Stewart Rose (1775-1843)
Second son of George Rose, treasurer of the navy (1744-1818); he introduced Byron to
Frere's
Whistlecraft poems and translated Casti's
Animale parlante (1819).
Gabriele Rossetti (1783-1854)
The father of Dante Gabrielle Rossetti; born in Italy, he taught Italian literature at
King's College in London.
Sir Samuel Shepherd (1760-1840)
English barrister educated at Merchant Taylors' School and the Inner Temple; he was
king's serjeant (1796), solicitor-general (1813), attorney-general (1817) and a friend of
Sir Walter Scott.
Robert Southey (1774-1843)
Poet laureate and man of letters whose contemporary reputation depended upon his prose
works, among them the
Life of Nelson, 2 vols (1813),
History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols (1823-32) and
The Doctor, 7 vols (1834-47).
John William Ward, earl of Dudley (1781-1833)
The son of William Ward, third Viscount Dudley (d. 1823); educated at Edinburgh and
Oxford, he was an English MP, sometimes a Foxite Whig and sometimes Canningite Tory, who
suffered from insanity in his latter years.
Lady Julia Ward [née Bosville] (d. 1833)
The daughter of Godfrey Bosville; in 1789 she married William Ward, third Viscount Dudley
and Ward (1750-1823) and was the mother of John William Ward, first Earl of Dudley.
The Quarterly Review. (1809-1967). Published by John Murray, the
Quarterly was instigated by Walter
Scott as a Tory rival to the
Edinburgh Review. It was edited by
William Gifford to 1824, and by John Gibson Lockhart from 1826 to 1853.