Reminiscences of a Literary Life
CHAP. XX
COUNT NIEMCEWITZ
COUNT NIEMCEWITZ
In my time, I have known and much liked many Poles, gentlemen as well as
ladies, but I must confess that I have never had confidence in, or much sympathy for,
Polish refugee patriots. With this old soldier, this
companion in arms of Kosciusko, this man of letters,
feeling, and imagination, I became rather intimate in 1831-32.
Lord Dover, ultra-Whiggish as he then was, used to say
that the poor old Count was the only very interesting man that the Warsaw revolution of
1830 had thrown on our shore. With me, he did not talk of present or passing politics, but
of the future destinies of the Slav race, with re-constructed Poland at its head.
Panslavism, though taken as a novelty in 1847-48, is far from being one.
As a young man I could not dispute with one who was almost an octogenarian; and I hope I
had too much kindness of heart ever to attempt to disturb the visions which solaced the
aged and amiable exile. Though not left to want, he was poor, and debarred from many of the
comforts to which he had been accustomed at home. Like myself, he was a frequent visitor at
the house of the Hon. Mrs. Buchanan, aunt to the
present Lord Elibank.
Late one night, one stormy winter night, when no
204 | COUNT NIEMCEWITZ |
[CHAP. XX |
vehicle could be procured in the vicinity, the Count and I walked away together with
umbrellas, which neither of us knew how to use, or how to carry in a storm of wind. On
coming out into Piccadilly, the old man stopped at the sheltering corner of a street, and
said with a tone that went to my heart, “This is rather too hard! Here am I
trudging through rain and sleet, at this time of night, while Russians are riding in my
carriage at Warsaw, et à mon age on n’est plus jeune
ni fort.” I saw him to the door of the house where he
lodged, and there I left him, sincerely mourning over the woes brought about by
ill-considered revolutions.
Some Polish refugees were little better than impostors, or idle beggars,
and became a downright nuisance. Lord Dudley
Stewart, whom I had known in the days of his youth when he was living with his
mother, the Marchioness of Bute, at Naples, and who
afterwards became entirely possessed by Polomania, used to stock the Reading Room at the
British Museum with them, by giving them introductory or recommendatory letters to
good-natured old Sir Henry Ellis, at that time Chief
Librarian. Now, unfortunately for me, for my friend Craik and others who had work to do and neither time nor much money to
spare, too many of these patriots made the place a begging-beat, and begged in it
importunately.
One morning, a tall, lank, sallow, rather ferocious-looking man, wrapped
up in a camlet cloak, vexed me with a direfully long tale of woe and want, and he ended it
by saying, “Monsieur, je n’ai ni patrie, ni pas
même une chemise!” and by opening the folds of his
cover-all to certify the truth of the last assertion. Though patronized by Lord Dudley and others, many of these Polish refugees were
common, uneducated men who had been artisans in their own country, and who might have found
work at their several trades in England if they had been so inclined. But
CHAP. XX] | POLISH REFUGEES | 205 |
they were fit or disposed only for fighting or
barricade-making. Except some four or five who entered into the employment of Mr. Clowes the great printer, as compositors or pressmen,
I never knew any of them turn their hands to quiet, honest industry, or to anything that
was useful. Next to the Spaniards, the most helpless of the refugees with which I have
known London to swarm were certainly the Poles. But the Spaniards were exceedingly sober
and abstemious, whereas the Pole dearly loved his glass and a bellyful. What with their
singing, fiddling, and guitaring, painting and modelling, the Italian refugee patriots did
the best; I have rarely known one of them to be in want. I have known many of them to be in
a far higher state of prosperity than they had ever known in their own country.
William Clowes (1779-1847)
The son of a Chichester schoolmaster, he was the first printer to develop the steam
press, from 1823.
George Lillie Craik (1798-1866)
Scottish literary historian and professor of English literature and history at Queen's
College, Belfast (1849); he published
Spenser and his Poetry, 3 vols
(1845).
George James Welbore Agar- Ellis, first baron Dover (1797-1833)
The son of Henry Welbore Agar-Ellis, second Viscount Clifden; he was MP for Haytersbury
(1818-20), Seaford (1820-26), Ludgershall (1826-30) and Okehampton (1830-31); he was raised
to the peerage in 1831.
Sir Henry Ellis (1777-1869)
Educated at Merchant Taylors' School and St. John's College, Oxford, he worked at the
Bodleian Library before joining the staff of the British Museum in 1800; he was appointed
chief librarian in 1827.
Thaddeus Kosciusko (1746-1817)
Polish general and patriot who fought in the American Revolution and in 1794 led an
unsuccessful rebellion against Russian and Prussian control of Poland.
Lord Dudley Coutts Stuart (1803-1854)
The son of John Stuart, first marquess of Bute; after education at Christ's College,
Cambridge he married Christina Alexandrina Egypta, daughter of Lucien Bonaparte and pursued
a career as a Liberal MP aligned with Sir Francis Burdett.