The “Pope” of Holland House
John Whishaw to Thomas Smith, 16 January 1816
Tuesday, Jan. 16, 1816.
VERY shortly I expect to send a copy of Lord Holland’s letter on Marshal Ney’s case, which I have obtained his
permission to transcribe.
The political aspect of affairs, on the part of the Opposition,
for the approaching meeting of Parliament is sad and gloomy, I fear, in the
extreme.
The question concerning the proper treatment of Labedoyere and Ney,1 by the Duke
of Wellington has
1 Lord
Holland’s letter to Lord
Kinnaird written December 5, 1815, contains the following
passage:— “Technical arguments may possibly be urged on
both sides;
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Duke of Wellington and Ney |
excited all sorts of
differences among the party, and the number of those who espouse what we consider
as the true principles on this subject, and who have the courage to avow them, are
likely to be very inconsiderable. Unfortunately, too, Lord
Grey has lately had one of those severe attacks to which he is so
subject, and will probably be prevented from coming to town for some time.
Lord Holland, it is true, is here, but he
is considered as too violent, and an outcry has been attempted against him, with
some success, as a friend of Buonaparte and
France. Lord Lansdowne’s opinions are
very right, but his feelings, I am afraid, will not be sufficiently strong, and he
may probably be deterred from declaring the whole truth by
the apprehension of doing mischief in France. In the Commons, Ponsonby, who, by the way, is not yet arrived, is
inefficient, and Tierney, though admirable
in finance and practical details, is unequal to great subjects; nor is he of
sufficient weight to attract many followers. Horner and Brougham do not
agree well together, the latter verging towards the democratic side, the former to
the regular Whigs. Lord Milton
and though they appear to me all in favour of Ney’s claim, it is not on them I lay the stress,
but on the obvious and practical aspect of the transaction, as it must
strike impartial men and posterity. The plain relation of the events in
history will be this—A promise of security was held out to the
inhabitants of Paris; they surrendered their town; and while Wellington and the Allies were still
really in possession of it, Labedoyere was executed, and Ney
was tried for political opinions and conduct. Even of subsequent
executions (and I fear there will be many), it will be said the Allies
delivered over their authority in Paris to a French government, without
exacting an observance of the stipulations on which they originally
acquired it.” |
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Brougham |
approves entirely of what has been done, and
thinks it all too little. Lord Althorp,
disapproving of many of our proceedings, yet thinks that no attack must be made on
the Duke of Wellington.
Charles de la Bédoyère (1786-1815)
French general who was court-martialed and shot following the Battle of Waterloo.
Henry Peter Brougham, first baron Brougham and Vaux (1778-1868)
Educated at Edinburgh University, he was a founder of the
Edinburgh
Review in which he chastised Byron's
Hours of Idleness; he
defended Queen Caroline in her trial for adultery (1820), established the London University
(1828), and was appointed lord chancellor (1830).
Henry Richard Fox, third baron Holland (1773-1840)
Whig politician and literary patron; Holland House was for many years the meeting place
for reform-minded politicians and writers. He also published translations from the Spanish
and Italian;
Memoirs of the Whig Party was published in 1852.
Charles Grey, second earl Grey (1764-1845)
Whig statesman and lover of the Duchess of Devonshire; the second son of the first earl
(d. 1807), he was prime minister (1831-34).
Francis Horner (1778-1817)
Scottish barrister and frequent contributor to the
Edinburgh
Review; he was a Whig MP and member of the Holland House circle.
Charles Kinnaird, eighth baron Kinnaird (1780-1826)
The son of George Kinnaird, seventh baron Kinnaird; he was Whig MP for Leominster
(1802-05) before he succeeded to the title. He was the elder brother of Byron's friend,
Douglas Kinnaird.
Emperor Napoleon I (1769-1821)
Military leader, First Consul (1799), and Emperor of the French (1804), after his
abdication he was exiled to Elba (1814); after his defeat at Waterloo he was exiled to St.
Helena (1815).
Michel Ney, first Duc d'Elchingen (1769-1815)
Marshall of France who covered Napoleon's retreat from Moscow and led the Old Guard at
the battle of Waterloo, for which he was tried and executed by firing squad.
George Ponsonby (1755-1817)
The son of John Ponsonby (d. 1787); he was speaker of the Irish House of Commons, lord
chancellor of Ireland in the Fox-Grenville ministry (1806) and succeeded Lord Grey as
leader of the Whigs in the British House of Commons.
Frederick Spencer, fourth earl Spencer (1798-1857)
The younger son of George Spencer, the second earl; he was educated at Eton and served as
a naval captain and as Whig MP for Worcestershire (1831-1832) and Midhurst (1832-1834,
1837-1841).
George Tierney (1761-1830)
Whig MP and opposition leader whose political pragmatism made him suspect in the eyes of
his party; he fought a bloodless duel with Pitt in 1798. He is the “Friend of Humanity” in
Canning and Frere's “The Needy Knife-Grinder.”