The “Pope” of Holland House
John Whishaw to Thomas Smith, 20 November 1819
Nov. 20.
You will be gratified by hearing that Lord Lansdowne appears to be reasonable and judicious on the
political questions which at present agitate the country. He is decidedly against
the Manchester magistrates, and will view any restrictive measures which may be
proposed by Government with great jealousy. Mackintosh, who has talked with him and Lord Grey, as well as with Brougham and Tierney, tells
me that his mind is now very much at ease with regard to the political differences
which he apprehended. He sees no reason to doubt that there will be a cordial
agreement among the leading members of the Opposition as to all principal points.
This is very material; for though they can do no good by their union, they might do
great mischief by their divisions. There will be a full attendance of members, and
Tierney reckons that he shall muster from 120 to 130,
which at such times and upon such questions is a considerable force. For we must
always recollect, whatever may be our individual opinions, that we live in a Tory country and that the great majority of well-informed
and respectable
1 He was condemned to two years’ imprisonment
and a fine of £1,000 for bribing the electors of Grampound. |
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Hobhouse’s Pamphlet |
persons whose sentiments ought
to have weight in political questions think very differently from ourselves.
Indeed, I am inclined to think that the measure which has been talked of, of giving
representatives to Manchester, Glasgow, Halifax, &c., would add to the
ministerial majority.
I have been reading J.
Hobhouse’s last pamphlet,1 and am much hurt by the tone of
violence which prevails through it. For instance, “We have an instinctive
horror and disgust at the very abstract idea of a Boroughmonger.” In this class are to be found the Duke of Bedford, Lord
Fitzwilliam, and other true friends of their country; and it should
be remembered that we owe to such persons the having in Parliament such men as
Romilly, Horner, Mackintosh,
Tierney, Brougham, &c., who could not easily have found seats,
especially before they were known to the public, by any mode of popular election.
I observe in Hobhouse’s pamphlet some passages recommending resistance of
force, which might be made ground of a criminal prosecution. I extremely regret all
this violence in a man who means well and has many estimable qualities.
Henry Peter Brougham, first baron Brougham and Vaux (1778-1868)
Educated at Edinburgh University, he was a founder of the
Edinburgh
Review in which he chastised Byron's
Hours of Idleness; he
defended Queen Caroline in her trial for adultery (1820), established the London University
(1828), and was appointed lord chancellor (1830).
Charles Grey, second earl Grey (1764-1845)
Whig statesman and lover of the Duchess of Devonshire; the second son of the first earl
(d. 1807), he was prime minister (1831-34).
John Cam Hobhouse, baron Broughton (1786-1869)
Founder of the Cambridge Whig Club; traveled with Byron in the orient, radical MP for
Westminster (1820); Byron's executor; after a long career in politics published
Some Account of a Long Life (1865) later augmented as
Recollections of a Long Life, 6 vols (1909-1911).
Francis Horner (1778-1817)
Scottish barrister and frequent contributor to the
Edinburgh
Review; he was a Whig MP and member of the Holland House circle.
Sir James Macdonald, second baronet (1784-1832)
The son of Sir Archibald Macdonald (d. 1826) and Lady Louisa Leveson-Gower; educated at
Westminster School, he was MP for Tain burghs (1805-06), Newcastle-under Lyme (1806-12),
Sutherland (1812-16), Calne (1816-31), and Hampshire (1831-32); he was clerk of the Privy
Seal.
Sir James Mackintosh (1765-1832)
Scottish philosopher and man of letters who defended the French Revolution in
Vindiciae Gallicae (1791); he was Recorder of Bombay (1803-1812) and
MP for Knaresborough (1819-32).
Sir Samuel Romilly (1757-1818)
Reformer of the penal code and the author of
Thoughts on Executive
Justice (1786); he was a Whig MP and Solicitor-General who died a suicide.
George Tierney (1761-1830)
Whig MP and opposition leader whose political pragmatism made him suspect in the eyes of
his party; he fought a bloodless duel with Pitt in 1798. He is the “Friend of Humanity” in
Canning and Frere's “The Needy Knife-Grinder.”