In Whig Society 1775-1818
Introduction
IN WHIG SOCIETY
1775—1818
COMPILED FROM THE HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED
CORRESPONDENCE OF ELIZABETH,
VISCOUNTESS
MELBOURNE, AND EMILY LAMB, COUNTESS
COWPER, AFTERWARDS
VISCOUNTESS PALMERSTON
BY
MABELL, COUNTESS OF AIRLIE
HODDER AND
STOUGHTON LTD.
TORONTO LONDON NEW
YORK
ST. PAUL’S HOUSE WARWICK SQUARE E.C.
MCMXXI
Printed in Great Britain by Hazell, Watson & Viney, Ld.,
London and Aylesbury.
TO
MY DAUGHTER KITTY
INTRODUCTION
In giving some of the letters of my great-great-grandmother to the
world, I have been actuated by a desire that they may perhaps serve some useful purpose in
drawing a parallel between the condition of England during and after the Napoleonic Wars and
the England of the present time.
They may also, I hope, reawaken interest in one who exercised a great influence
over the society of her time. The letters have never been published before.
The habit of the letter-writers of that time was only to date their letters by
the day of the week, so that the stamped date on the envelope has sometimes been the only clue
to the month and year. The full stop seems to have been the only one known, the other stops
being superseded by dashes, as if the writers paused to take breath.
The modern system of punctuation has, therefore, been introduced to a certain
extent for the convenience of the reader. The writers abbreviated where they could because of
the length of their letters, and when names are only given
under an
initial the full name has in most cases been supplied.
I have to thank Mrs. Laing for sorting the letters, and
Mr. Mainwaring, of the London Library, for helping me with the notes.
My thanks are also due to Lord Ilchester for giving me
copies of some of Lady Melbourne’s letters to
Lady Holland; and to Mr. Henry
Cavendish for aiding me to disentangle a difficult question. There are but few
interesting letters from Lady Cowper; but in later life her
correspondence with her brother, Sir Frederick Lamb,
afterwards Lord Beauvale, who succeeded his brother, Viscount Melbourne, in the title and estates in 1848, would form
a volume in itself.
Airlie Castle,
Alyth.
August 1921.
Emily Mary Cowper, countess Cowper [née Lamb] (1787-1869)
Whig hostess, the daughter of Sir Peniston Lamb, first Viscount Melbourne; she married
(1) in 1805 Sir Peter Leopold Louis Francis Nassau Cowper, fifth Earl Cowper, and (2) in
1839, her long-time lover, Henry John Temple, third Viscount Palmerston.
Elizabeth Fox, Lady Holland [née Vassall] (1771 c.-1845)
In 1797 married Henry Richard Fox, Lord Holland, following her divorce from Sir Godfrey
Webster; as mistress of Holland House she became a pillar of Whig society.
Elizabeth Lamb, viscountess Melbourne [née Milbanke] (1751-1818)
Whig hostess married to Peniston Lamb, first Viscount Melbourne (1744-1828); she was the
confidant of Georgiana, duchess of Devonshire, the mother of William Lamb (1779-1848), and
mother-in-law of Lady Caroline Lamb.
Frederick James Lamb, third viscount Melbourne (1782-1853)
The younger son of Elizabeth, Lady Melborne and brother of the prime minister; he was
raised to the peerage as Baron Beauvale in 1839 and succeeded his brother in 1848. His
paternity is doubtful.
William Lamb, second viscount Melbourne (1779-1848)
English statesman, the son of Lady Melbourne (possibly by the third earl of Egremont) and
husband of Lady Caroline Lamb; he was a Whig MP, prime minister (1834-41), and counsellor
to Queen Victoria.