Lady Morgan’s Memoirs
Chapter XXX
CHAPTER XXX.
DR. MORGAN AND DR. JENNER.
As yet, Miss Owenson had not
met the man who was to win her from the vanities of her own fancy. At this date of 1809,
Thomas Charles Morgan, doctor of medicine, was
mourning over a dead wife, tenderly nursing a little girl, the child of his lost love,
helping Dr. Jenner to make people believe in
vaccination, struggling into London practice, and proceeding to his degree of doctor in
medicine. Morgan had been born in London, in 1783, being the son of
John Morgan, of that city, and his early life had been spent in
the neighbourhood of Smithfield. He was several years younger than Miss
Owenson; in later life Lady Morgan confessed to having
two years of disadvantage over Sir Charles: but the unromantic truth
may be set down without exaggeration at three or four. From the Charter House, he was sent
to Cambridge, where, in 1801, he graduated at St. Peter’s, and, in 1804, took his
degree of M.B.; thence he removed to London, set up in his
| DR. MORGAN AND DR. JENNER. | 373 |
profession,
became a member of the College of Physicians, and entered heart and soul into the
controversies about cow-pox and small-pox. Handsome, witty, prosperous, with a private
income of about £300 a-year, and the prospect of a great name in his profession; he
was not long left to the miseries of a bachelor’s life. Miss
Hammond, daughter of Anthony Hammond, of Queen’s
Square, then a fashionable part of town, the residence of judges, privy councillors, and
bankers, became his wife, but died in about a year, in giving birth to her child. Little Nannie was left the Doctor’s chief
playmate; while his serious study was bestowed on his profession, little dreaming of the
brilliant distraction then preparing for him in Dublin. Jenner’s
letters to him are well worth reading; and there will be no need for any apology in
introducing some of them, episodically, at this early stage. They show the difference
between the condition of a hero, after he has been accepted by posterity, placed in his
niche, and his reputation rounded into “one entire and perfect
chrysolite,” in which nobody sees any flaw, and the same man when he was
alive—his views misunderstood, he himself painfully struggling against ignorance and
calumny, and his heart nearly broken by petty vexations and hindrances.
Jenner is now an acknowledged benefactor to the human race, he has
a statue in London; but it was scant reverence that “hedged him,” and small
justice he obtained in the days of his life. Dr. Morgan was the friend
and supporter of Jenner in the time of contradiction, and it is
pleasant in the correspondence which passed be-374 | LADY MORGAN'S MEMOIR. | |
tween them to remark the
tone of cordial respect in which Jenner addresses him.
Dr. Jenner to Dr. Morgan.
Berkeley,
December 20, 1808.
My dear Doctor,
There is nothing enlivens a cottage fire-side, remote
from the capital, so much as a newspaper. The Pilot of last night was particularly
cheering, as it told me you had finished your academic labours and received
your honours. Allow me to congratulate you, and to assure you how happy I shall
ever be in hearing of anything that adds to your fame, your fortune, or to your
general comforts.
The horrid fever ray eldest son has undergone, has left
him quite a wreck; but I don’t despair of seeing him restored. I should
be quite at ease on the subject, if a little cough did not still hang upon him,
and too quick a pulse.
The Regius Professor of
Physic in the University of Cambridge, corresponding with the
contemptible editors of that miserable catch-penny Journal, the Medical Observer!!! What
phenomenon, I wonder, will vaccination next present to us? Atrocious and absurd
as this man’s conduct has been, there will be a difficulty in punishing
him, as he seems insensible to everything but his own conceit. However, he is
in able hands, and my excellent friend Thackeray (to
| DR. MORGAN AND DR. JENNER. | 375 |
whom I beg you to remember
me most kindly) I know will not spare him.
Sir Isaac has certainly out-blockheaded
all his predecessors. Pray tell me what is going forward. Alas! poor thing! He
has been too daring, and I tremble for his fate. The scourge is out, and I
don’t see that he erased a single line that was pointed out to him as
dangerous. This venomous sting will produce a most troublesome reaction, and
injure the cause it was meant to support. You know the pains I took to suppress
it; but all would not do.
I have not heard anything of the new Vaccine Institution
since my arrival here, except a word or two from Lord
Egremont, who says the Ministry are so incessantly occupied with
the affairs of Spain, that matters of a minor consideration cannot at present
be attended to. I shall thank my friend in Russell Square, for the
communications which, through you, he was good enough to make to me, but am of
opinion that the proper time to object will be when anything objectionable
rises up. Whatever is going forward either in the College or out of it, is at
present carefully concealed from me. The proposition hinted at by Dr.
S——, respecting an equal number from both Colleges to form the
Board, I mentioned to Sir Lucas as the
certain means of keeping off those jealousies which otherwise I thought would
show themselves.
It affords me great pleasure to assure you that your
pamphlet is much liked
by all who have read it in this part of the world, and by no one more than by
myself. A few trifling alterations will be necessary
376 | LADY MORGAN'S MEMOIR. | |
for
the
next edition. I think you may be more copious in
your extracts from some of those letters of which
Murray availed himself. By the bye, it might not be amiss,
perhaps, if, by way of firing a shot at the head of your knight, the extract
from Sacco’s letter (see
Murray’s Appendix) and that from
Dr. Keir, at Bombay, were to appear in the
Cambridge newspaper.
With the best wishes of myself and family, believe me,
dear Doctor,
Most faithfully yours,
Mr. Jenner to Charles
Morgan.
Berkeley,
March 1st, 1809.
My dear Sir,
I ought to make a thousand apologies to you for suffering
your last obliging letter to remain so long unanswered. Did my friends whom I
serve in this manner but know the worrying kind of life I lead, they would soon
seal my pardon. However, I feel myself now more at ease than for some time
past, having crept from under the thick, heavy Board, which so unexpectedly
fell upon me and crashed me so sorely. To speak more plainly, I have informed
the gentlemen in Leicester Square, that I cannot accept of the office to which
they nominated me. Should the business come before the public, as I suppose it
will. I am not afraid of an honourable acquittal. Never was
| DR. MORGAN AND DR. JENNER. | 377 |
anything so clumsily managed. If
Sir
Isaac himself, instead of
Sir
Lucas, had taken the lead, it could not have been worse, as I
shall convince you when we come to talk the matter over. By the way, what is
become of this right valiant knight?
Thackeray, I hope, has not done exchanging lances with him,
unless he is ashamed of the contest. I was glad to see your
pamphlet advertised on the
yellow cover. Give it as much publicity as you please,
and remember, you are to draw on me for all costs. Does it go off, or sleep
with the pages of
Moseley? Opposition to
vaccination seems dead—at least in this part of the world we hear nothing
of it. Through a vast district around me, I don’t know a man who now ever
unsheaths that most venomous of all weapons—the variolus lancet; and the
small-pox, if it now and then seizes upon some deluded infidel, soon dies away
for want of more prey.
I have not written to my friend Dr. Saunders a long time, but if you see him,
assure him he shall hear soon from me. If he considers the business between me
and the Board, and looks steadfastly on all its bearings, I am confident he
will not condemn my conduct. If it should be thought of consequence enough for
an inquiry, I shall meet it with pleasure; but, though I say “with
pleasure,” I had much rather they would let me alone, and suffer me to
smoke my cigar in peace and quietness in my cottage.
My boys are better. How is your little cherub?
Adieu, my dear Sir,
Most truly yours,
378 |
LADY MORGAN'S MEMOIR. |
|
Mr. Jenner to Charles
Morgan.
Berkeley,
11th
July, 1809.
My dear Sir,
You have some heavy accusations I know to bring against
me on the subject of my long silence. I have no other excuse to offer you than
that of pecuniary bankrupts, who have so many debts, that they discharge none.
However deficient I may have been in writing, I have not been so in thinking of
you and your kind attentions. If you have seen your neighbour
Blair lately, he must have told you so.
You supposed me at Cheltenham when you wrote last.
Unfortunately, I have not yet been able to quit this place, and have been
detained by a sad business, the still existing illness of my eldest son, the
young man who was so ill when I was in town. His appearance for some time past,
flattered me with a hope that he was convalescent, but to my great affliction
he was seized on Saturday last with haemorrhage from the lungs, which returned
yesterday and to-day exactly at the same hour, and almost at the same
minute—seven in the morning. This is a melancholy prospect for me, and I
scarcely know how to boar it. The decrees of Heaven, however harsh they may
seem, must be correct, and the grand lesson we have to learn is humility.
I wrote two long argumentative letters to Dr. Saunders soon after I received your hint,
on the sub-
| DR. MORGAN AND DR. JENNER. | 379 |
ject of the new institution; but from that time
he has dropped his correspondence with me. When next you fall in with the
doctor, pray sound him on this subject. Have you seen the last number of that
infamous publication, the
Medical
Observer? There is the most impudent letter in it from the
editor to me that ever was penned. I think our friend
Harry would at once pronounce it grossly libellous.
The thing I am abused for, the effects of an epidemic small-pox at Cheltenham,
is as triumphant as any that has occurred in the annals of vaccination. A child
that had irregular pustules, and was on that account ordered by me to be
re-vaccinated, which order was never obeyed, caught the small-pox. This is the
whole of the matter, and on this foundation
Moseley,
Birch and Co.,
have heaped up a mountain of scurrility. Between 3,000 and 4,000 persons have
been vaccinated there and in the circumjacent villages,
who
remained in the midst of the epidemic untouched. This
trifling circumstance, these worthy gentlemen did not
think it worth their while to mention. Adieu, my dear Sir, I hope you are very
well and very happy.
Most truly yours,
Mr. Jenner to Charles
Morgan.
Berkeley,
9th
October, 1809.
My dear Sir,
You may easily guess what a state of mind I am in, by my
neglecting my friends. This I was not wont
380 | LADY MORGAN'S MEMOIR. | |
to do. I am
grown as moping as the owl, and all the day long sit brooding over melancholy.
My poor boy still exists, but is wasting inch by inch. The ray of hope is
denied only to a medical man when he sees his child dying of pulmonary
consumption; all other mortals enjoy its nattering light. You say nothing of
your little girl in your letter from Ramsgate. I hope she is well and will
prove a lasting comfort to you.
If Dr. Saunders is
displeased, his displeasure can have no other grounds than caprice. I never did
anything in my life that should have called it up. I wrote twice to him in the
spring, and since that time he has not written to me. Why, I am utterly at a
loss to know. In one of these letters I went fully into an explanation of my
conduct with regard to the National Vaccination establishment. Depend upon it
neither Mr. B. nor Sir
Lucas will ever make it the subject of public inquiry. They know
better. I have always treated the College with due respect. They made an
admirable report to Parliament of vaccination; but in doing this they showed me
no favour. It was founded on the general evidence sent in from every part of
the empire. I love to feel sensible of an obligation, where it is due, and to
show my gratitude. If the College had published the evidence, which they promised to do, then I should have been greatly obliged
to them. Why this was not done, I never could learn, but shall ever lament that
such valuable facts should lie mouldering on their shelves, as they must from
their weight have lain too heavy on
| DR. MORGAN AND DR. JENNER. | 381 |
the tongue of clamour
for it ever to have moved again. I wish you had been there, and that I had
first made my acquaintance with you. Our strenuous friend in Warwick Lane would
have effected everything by filling up this lamentable chasm. I enjoyed your
dialogue.
Poor Sir
Isaac! Your
pamphlet is highly spoken of, wherever it is read. After this
spice of your talents in lashing the anti-vaccinists, I
hope you don’t mean to lay down the rod.
Moseley, as far as I have seen has not taken the least notice
of it. A proof of his tremors; for he has not been sparing of his other
opponents. And now my good friend let me request you, without delay, to let me
know the expenses of printing, advertisements, &c., &c. I don’t
exactly know where this may find you, but shall get a cover for Ramsgate. If
you are not there it will pursue you. Dr. Saunders’s
throwing me off, I assure you, vexes me; but I have the consolation of knowing
that it was unmerited. Remember me kindly to our friend
Harry. He will soon climb the hill, I
think. He may be assured of not reaching the top a day sooner than I wish him.
Will you have the goodness when in town to order Harward
to send the
Annual Medical
Register with my next parcel of books? I have not seen it, but
shall, of course, turn to the article “Cow-pox” with peculiar
pleasure. Do you recollect my exhibiting some curious pebbles which I had
collected during my stay in town, to some friends of yours in your apartment?
By some mishap they were left behind me. They were good specimens of wood and
bone converted into silex. I don’t think
382 | LADY MORGAN'S MEMOIR. | |
there is a
corpuscle of the globe we inhabit that has not breathed in the form of an
animal or a vegetable. Adieu!
Believe me, with best wishes,
Most truly yours,
We must leave the two doctors to their controversies and
incriminations. The story of the introduction of vaccination into this country is one of
deep interest, and especially to female readers; but that story is not the property of
Lady Morgan’s biographer. We shall not see
Mr. Morgan again for a year or more.
John Birch (1745 c.-1815)
Surgeon at St Thomas's Hospital and surgeon to the Prince Regent; he published
Serious Reasons for Objecting to the Practice of Vaccination
(1806).
Anne Blacker [née Morgan] (d. 1850)
The daughter of Thomas Charles Morgan by his first marriage; in 1826 she married Major
St. John Blacker of the Madras Cavalry, and in 1845 the Hon. George Augustus Brown, son of
James, Lord Kilmaine.
Edward Jenner (1749-1823)
After studying medicine with John Hunter (1728-1793) he developed the use of cowpox
vaccination against the small pox.
George Keir (d. 1818)
Scottish physician with the East India Company at Bombay; he published
Account of the Introduction of the Cow Pox into India (1803).
Sir Thomas Charles Morgan (1780-1843)
English physician and philosophical essayist who married the novelist Sydney Owenson in
1812; he was the author of
Sketches of the Philosophy of Morals
(1822). He corresponded with Cyrus Redding.
Benjamin Moseley (1742-1819)
Surgeon-general in Jamaica, and from 1788 a fashionable physician in London; he opposed
vaccination in his
Treatise on Sugar (1799).
John Murray II (1778-1843)
The second John Murray began the
Quarterly Review in 1809 and
published works by Scott, Byron, Austen, Crabbe, and other literary notables.
Sir Isaac Pennington (1745-1817)
English physician, educated at St John's College, Cambridge where he was Regius Professor
of Physic (1794-1817).
Sir Lucas Pepys, first baronet (1742-1830)
English physician educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; he attended George III and
was president of the Royal College of Physicians (1804-10).
William Saunders (1743-1817)
Scottish physician who was physician to Guy's Hospital in London and published
A Treatise on the Structure, Economy, and Diseases of the Liver
(1793).
Frederick Thackeray (1774-1852)
Son of Thomas Thackeray, surgeon, he was educated at Emmanuel College Cambridge and
practiced medicine in that city. He quarrelled with Sir Isaac Pennington over whether
surgeons were eligible for medical degrees.
George O'Brien Wyndham, third earl of Egremont (1752-1837)
Of Petworth; educated at Westminster School, he was an art collector and patron of J. M.
W. Turner, a lover of Elizabeth, Viscountess Melbourne, and the father of four children by
Elizabeth Fox. He is thought to have fathered several of Lady Melbourne's children also,
among them the prime minister William Lamb.
The Pilot. (1807-1815). A London evening newspaper concerned with Anglo-Indian affairs edited by Emanuel Samuel,
Herbert Compton, and Edward Fitzgerald.