A Narrative of Lord Byron’s Last Journey to Greece
Lord Byron to Alexander Mavrocordato, 2 December 1823
“Cephalonia, 2d Dec. 1823.
“Prince,
“The present will be put into your hands by Colonel
Stanhope, son of Major-General the
Earl of Harrington, &c. &c. He
has arrived from London in fifty days, after having visited all the committees
of Germany. He is charged by our committee to act in concert with me for the
liberation of Greece. I conceive that his name and his mission will be a
sufficient recommendation, without the necessity of any other from a foreigner,
although one who, in common with all Europe, respects and admires the courage,
the talents, and, above all, the probity of Prince
Mavrocordato.
“I am very uneasy at hearing that the dissensions of
Greece still continue, and at a moment when she might triumph over every thing
in general, as she has already triumphed in part. Greece is, at present, placed
between three measures: either to re-conquer her liberty, to become a
dependence of the sovereigns of Europe, or to return to a Turkish province. She
has the choice only of these three alternatives. Civil war is but a road which
leads to the two latter. If she is desirous of the fate of Walachia and the
Crimea, she may obtain it to-morrow; if of that of Italy, the day after; but if
she wishes to become truly Greece, free and independent, she must resolve
to-day, or she will never again have the opportunity.
“I am, with due respect,
“Your Highness’s obedient servant,
“N. B.
“P. S. Your Highness will already have known that I
have sought to fulfil the wishes of the Greek government, as much as it lay
in my power to do so: but I
should wish that the
fleet, so long and so vainly expected, were arrived, or, at least, that it
were on the way; and especially that your Highness should approach those
parts, either on board the fleet, with a public mission, or in some other
manner.”
[John Gibson Lockhart],
“Lord Byron” in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine
Vol. 17
No. 97 (February 1825)
Count Gamba’s name comes upon
our ears, associated with some very disagreeable recollections; and his book is—as a book—but a poor one. It
contains, however, quite enough of facts to satisfy all mankind that Lord
Byron in Greece was everything that the friends of freedom, and the friends
of genius, could have wished him to be. Placed amidst all the perplexities of most vile and
worthless, intriguing factions—at the same time exposed to and harassed by the open
violence of many utterly irreconcilable sets of mere barbarian
robbers—the equally barbarous chiefs of whom were pretending to play the parts of
gentlemen and generals—and, what was perhaps still more trying, perpetually annoyed,
interrupted, and baffled by the ignorance, folly, and obstinate drivelling, of his own
coadjutors, such as Colonel Stanhope and the German
Philhellenes—he, and he alone, appears to have sustained throughout the calmness of a
philosopher, the integrity of a patriot, and the constancy of a hero. If anything could
have done Greece real good, in her own sense of the word, at this crisis, it must have been
the prolongation of the life he had devoted to her service. He had brought with him to her
shores a name glorious and commanding; but, ere he died, the influence of his tried
prudence, magnanimous self-denial, and utter superiority to faction, and all factious
views, had elevated him into a position of authority, before which, even the most
ambitiously unprincipled of the Greek leaders were beginning to feel the necessity of
controlling their passions, and silencing their pretensions. The arrival of part of the
loan from England—procured, as it unquestionably had been, chiefly through the
influence of his name—was, no doubt, the circumstance that gave such commanding
elevation to his personal influence in Greece, during the closing scenes of his career. But
nothing except the visible and undoubted excellence of his deportment on occasions the most
perplexing—nothing but the moral dignity expressed in every word and action of his
while in Greece—nothing but the eminent superiority of personal character, resources,
and genius which he had exhibited—could possibly have reconciled the minds of those
hostile factious to the notion of investing any Foreigner and Frank with the supreme
authority of their executive government. We have no sort of doubt, that if
Byron had died three months later, he would have died governor of
all the emancipated provinces of Greece. This is a melancholy thought, but it is also a
proud one. . . .
Prince Alexander Mavrocordatos [Αλεξανδρος Μαβροκορδατος] (1791-1865)
Greek statesman and diplomat with Byron at Missolonghi; after study at the University of
Padua he joined the Greek Revolution in 1821 and in 1822 was elected by the National
Assembly at Epidaurus. He commanded forces in western Central Greece and retired in 1826
after the Fall of Messolonghi.
Leicester Fitzgerald Charles Stanhope, fifth earl of Harrington (1784-1862)
The third son of the third earl; in 1823 he traveled to Greece as the Commissioner of the
London Greek Committee; there he served with Byron, whom he criticizes in
Greece in 1823 and 1824 (1824). He inherited the earldom from his brother in
1851.