The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey
Robert Southey to John Rickman, 15 March 1806
“March 15. 1806.
“My dear Rickman,
“My last week has been somewnat desultorily employed
in going through Beausobre’s History of Manicheism, and in sketching
the life of D. Luisa de Carvajal, an
extraordinary woman of high rank, who came over to London in James the First’s time, to make proselytes to
the Catholic religion, under the protection of the Spanish ambassador. It is a
very curious story, and ought to be related in the history of that wretched
king, who beheaded Raleigh to please the
Spaniards.
“Beausobre’s book is one of the most valuable that I have
ever seen; it is a complete Thesaurus of early opinions, philosophical and
theological. It is not the least remarkable circumstance of the Catholic
religion, that it has silently imbibed the most absurd parts of most of the
heresies which it opposed and persecuted. I do not conceive Manes to have been a fanatic: there is too much
philosophy in the whole of his system,
Ætat. 32. | OF ROBERT SOUTHEY. | 37 |
even in the
mythology, for that. His object seems to have been to unite the superstitions
of the East and West; unluckily, both priests and magi united against the grand
scheme,—the Persians flayed him alive, and the Catholics roasted his
disciples whenever they could catch them. Beausobre, as I
expected, has perceived the similarity between Buddas and
the Indian impostor; but he supposes that he came from the East. I am inclined
to think otherwise, because I have found elsewhere that the
Adam whose footstep is shown in Ceylon, was a
Manichaean travelling disciple, though both Moors and Portuguese very naturally
attributed this story to their old acquaintance. A proof this that the
immediate disciples of Manes were successful; besides, the
Asiatic fables are full of resemblances to Christianity. . . . .
“If there be any one thing in which the world has
decidedly degenerated, it is in the breed of Heresiarchs: they were really
great men in former times, devoting great knowledge and powerful talents to
great purposes. In our days they are either arrant madmen or half rogues. . . .
. I am about to be the St. Epiphanius of Richard Brothers and Joanna Southcote; what say you to paying these
worthies a visit some morning? the former is sure to be at home, and we might
get his opinion of Joanna. I know some of his witnesses,
and could enter into the depths of his system with him. As for
Joanna, though tolerably well versed in the history of
human credulity, I have never seen anything so disgraceful to common sense as
her precious publications. . . . .
“Metaphysicians have become less mischievous, but
38 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | Ætat. 32. |
a good deal more troublesome. There was some excuse for
them when they believed their opinions necessary to salvation; and it was
certainly better for plain people like you and I that they should write by the
folio than talk by the hour. . . . .
“God bless you!
Isaac de Beausobre (1659-1738)
Protestant clergyman who was superintendent of all the French churches in Brandenburg; he
published
Histoire Critique de Manichée et du Manichéisme, 2 vols
(1734-39).
Richard Brothers (1757-1824)
Religious enthusiast who declared that George III must yield the crown to him, and who
was arrested and confined as a lunatic in 1795. He was the author of
Revealed Knowledge of the Prophecies and Times, 2 vols (1794).
Luisa de Carvajal y Mendoza (1566-1614)
Spanish noblewoman who in 1605 undertook a mission to England to reconvert the population
to Catholicism.
Mani (d. 276 c.)
Gnostic prophet and founder of Manichaeism.
Sir Walter Raleigh (1554-1618)
English soldier, courtier, poet, and historian; after a long imprisonment he was executed
at the behest of Spain.
Joanna Southcott (1750-1814)
English prophet and visionary, originally the daughter of a Devonshire farmer.