The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey
Robert Southey to Grosvenor C. Bedford, 6 January 1809
“You make a confession respecting Milton which nine hundred and ninety-nine
persons out of the thousand would make if they were honest enough; for his main
excellencies are like M. Angelo’s,
only to be thoroughly appreciated by an artist. This, however, by no means
incapacitates you from reviewing Hayley’s book, in which your business lies with Cowper and with his biographer, one of whose
works (his Animal Ballads)
I once reviewed by quoting from O’Keefe’s song,—Hayley, gaily, gamboraily, higgledy,
pigglegy, galloping, draggle-tail, dreary dun. Hayley, as
Miss Seward has just remarked to me
in a letter, is perfectly insane upon the subject of
Cowper’s resemblance to
Milton; there is no other resemblance between them
than that both wrote in blank verse—but blank verse as different as
possible. You may compare Cowper’s translations
(which, I suppose are very bad, as many of his lesser pieces are, and as
Miss Seward tells me) with Langhorne’s; and you may estimate
Cowper himself as a poet, as a man of intellect, and
as a translator of Homer, showing that he
is not over-valued; but
Ætat. 35. | OF ROBERT SOUTHEY. | 205 |
that his popularity is owing to
his piety, not his poetry, and that that piety was craziness. I like his
letters, but think their so great popularity one of the very many proofs of the
imbecility of the age. By-the-by, a very pretty piece of familiar verse, by
Cowper, appeared, about two years ago, in the Monthly Magazine.
“Ah, Grosvenor!
the very way in which you, admire that passage in Kehama* convinces me that it ought not to
be there. Did I not tell you it was clap-trappish? you are clapping as hard as
you can to prove the truth of my opinion. That it grew there naturally is
certain, but does it suit with the poem? is it of a piece or colour with the
whole? Is not the poet speaking in himself, whereas the whole character of the
poem requires that he should be out of himself! I know very well that three
parts of the public will agree with you in calling it the best thing in the
poem; but my poem ought to have no things which do not necessarily belong to
it. There will be a great deal to do to it, and a good deal is already done in
the preceding parts.
“I have long expected a schism between the
Grenvilles and the Foxites. Jeffrey has been trying to unite the
Opposition and the Jacobins, as they are called. He hurts the Opposition, and
he wrongs the Jacobins; he hurts the former by associating them with a name
that is still unpopular, and he wrongs the friends of liberty by supposing that
they are not the deadliest enemies of Bonaparte. Walter Scott,
* See Curse of Kehama, Canto x. verse 20. commencing— “They sin who tell us love can die.” |
|
206 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | Ætat. 35. |
whom I look upon as as complete an Anti-Jacobin as need
be, does not sing out more loudly, ‘Fight on my merry men
all!’ than I do. General Moore
must feel himself stronger than we have supposed him to be, or he would not
advance into the plains of Castille. If he have 40,000, he will beat twice the
number; and, for my own part, superior as he is in cavalry and artillery (ours
being the best in the world), I do not see what we have to fear from numbers
against him, for nothing can withstand our cavalry in a flat country. You know,
Grosvenor, I never felt a fear till
it was said he was retreating, and now that he is marching on, all my
apprehensions are over. Huzza! it will be Rule Britannia by land as well as by
sea.
“I have had a grievous cold, which has prevented me
from rising as soon as it is light, and thereby, for awhile, stopped Kehama. This evening I have
corrected the fourth sheet of Brazil; the volume will be ready in the spring. I am now busy in
filling up some skeleton chapters in the middle of the volume. This will be as
true a history, and as industriously and painfully made, as ever yet appeared;
yet I cannot say that I expect much present approbation for it. It is deficient
in fine circumstances; and as for what is called fine writing, the public will
get none of that article from me; sound sense, sound philosophy, and sound
English I will give them.
“I was beginning to wonder what was become of Wynn. Can you procure for me a copy of the
report of the Court of Inquiry, or will you ask Rickman if he can? I do not write to him till the
Ætat. 35. | OF ROBERT SOUTHEY. | 207 |
season of franking returns. I shall want it hereafter as
one of my documents. Lord Moira has risen
in my estimation; he is the only person who seems to have had anything like a
feeling of the moral strength which was on our side, and which we completely
gave up by the convention. God bless you!
Grosvenor Charles Bedford (1773-1839)
The son of Horace Walpole's correspondent Charles Bedford; he was auditor of the
Exchequer and a friend of Robert Southey who contributed to several of Southey's
publications.
William Cowper (1731-1800)
English poet, author of
Olney Hymns (1779),
John
Gilpin (1782), and
The Task (1785); Cowper's delicate
mental health attracted as much sympathy from romantic readers as his letters, edited by
William Hayley, did admiration.
William Hayley (1745-1820)
English poet, patron of George Romney, William Cowper, and William Blake. His best-known
poem,
Triumphs of Temper (1781) was several times reprinted. Robert
Southey said of him, “everything about that man is good except his poetry.”
Homer (850 BC fl.)
Poet of the
Iliad and
Odyssey.
Francis Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey (1773-1850)
Scottish barrister, Whig MP, and co-founder and editor of the
Edinburgh
Review (1802-29). As a reviewer he was the implacable foe of the Lake School of
poetry.
John Langhorne (1735-1779)
English poet and translator, for many years the principal reviewer of poetry for the
Monthly Review. He was the first to edit the poetry of William
Collins (1765).
John Milton (1608-1674)
English poet and controversialist; author of
Comus (1634),
Lycidas (1638),
Areopagitica (1644),
Paradise Lost (1667), and other works.
Sir John Moore (1761-1809)
A hero of the Peninsular Campaign, killed at the Battle of Corunna; he was the son of Dr.
John Moore, the author of
Zeluco.
Emperor Napoleon I (1769-1821)
Military leader, First Consul (1799), and Emperor of the French (1804), after his
abdication he was exiled to Elba (1814); after his defeat at Waterloo he was exiled to St.
Helena (1815).
John O'Keeffe (1747-1833)
Irish playwright who wrote for the Haymarket and Drury Lane; he was the author of
Wild Oats (1791) and
Recollections of the Life of
John O'Keeffe (1826).
John Rickman (1771-1840)
Educated at Magdalen Hall and Lincoln College, Oxford, he was statistician and clerk to
the House of Commons and an early friend of Charles Lamb and Robert Southey.
Anna Seward [the Swan of Lichfield] (1742-1809)
English poet, patron, and letter-writer; she was the center of a literary circle at
Lichfield. Her
Poetical Works, 3 vols (1810) were edited by Walter
Scott.
Charles Watkin Williams Wynn (1775-1850)
The son of Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, fourth baronet; educated at Westminster and Christ
Church, Oxford, Robert Southey's friend and benefactor was a Whig MP for Old Sarum (1797)
and Montgomeryshire (1799-1850). He was president of the Board of Control (1822-28).
The Monthly Magazine. (1796-1843). The original editor of this liberal-leaning periodical was John Aikin (1747-1822); later
editors included Sir Richard Phillips (1767-1840), the poet John Abraham Heraud
(1779-1887), and Benson Earle Hill (1795-45).