The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey
Robert Southey to Robert Lovel, 19 February 1796
“I have an invincible dislike to saying the same things
in two different letters, and yet you must own it is no easy matter, to write
half a dozen different ones, upon the same subject. I am at Lisbon, and
therefore all my friends expect some account of Portugal; but it is not
pleasant to reiterate terms of abuse, and continually to present to my own mind
objects of filth and deformity. By way of improving your English cookery, take
the Portuguese receipt for dressing rabbits. The spit is placed either above
the fire, below the fire, by the side of the fire, or in the fire; (this is
when they have a spit, and that is little better than an iron skewer, for they
roast meat in a jug, and boil it in a frying-pan;) to know if it is
Ætat. 22. | OF ROBERT SOUTHEY. | 263 |
done they crack the joints with their fingers, and then
lay it aside till it cools, then they seize the rabbit, tear it piecemeal with
their fingers into rags, and fry it up with oil, garlic, and aniseed. I have
attempted sausages made of nothing but garlic and aniseed; they cut off the
rump of a bird always before they dress it, and neither prayers nor entreaties
can save a woodcock from being drawn and quartered, R——
(who never got up till we were in sight of Corunna) lay in his bed studying
what would be the best dinner when we landed; he at last fixed upon a leg of
mutton, soles and oyster sauce, and toasted cheese—to the no small
amusement of those who knew he could get neither, and to his no small
disappointment when he sat down to a chicken fried in oil, and an omelet of oil
and eggs. He leapt out of bed in the middle of his first night in Spain, in
order to catch the fleas, who made it too hot for him.
“Miss* remains in Lord
Bute’s stables, in Madrid:—she amused me on the road
by devouring one pair of horsehair socks, one tooth-brush, one comb, a pound of
raisins, do. of English beef, and one pair of shoes: Maber has as much reason to remember her. So
you see Miss lived well upon the road. Tossed about as I have been by the
convulsions of air, water, and earth, and enduring what I have from the want of
the other element, I am in high health. My uncle and I never molest each other
by our different principles. I used to work Maber
sometimes, but
264 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | Ætat. 22. |
here there is no one whom I am so intimate with, or with
whom I wish intimacy. Here is as much visiting and as little society as you can
wish; and a Bristol alderman may have his fill of good eating and drinking; yet
is this metropolis supplied only from hand to mouth, and when the boats cannot
come from Alentejo, the markets are destitute; at this time there is no fuel to
be bought! Barbary supplies them with corn, and that at so low a rate, that the
farmers do not think it worth while to bring their corn to market, so that the
harvest of last year is not yet touched. They cannot grind the Barbary corn in
England: it is extremely hard, and the force and velocity of English mills
reduce the husk as well as the grain to powder. I learnt all this from the Vice
Consul, who has written much to Lord
Grenville on the subject, and proposed damping the corn previous
to grinding it, so as to prevent the bran from pulverising. Lord
G. has even sent for grindstones to Lisbon, in hopes they might
succeed better. It is melancholy to reflect on what a race possesses the
fertile coasts of Barbary! Yet are these Portuguese not a degree above them.
You may form some idea how things are managed in this country from the history
of the present war: by treaty the Portuguese were to furnish the English with a
certain number of ships, or a certain sum of money; and the Spaniards with
troops or money; the money was expected, but the Secretary of State, Mello, argued that it was more politic to lay
it out among their own countrymen, and make soldiers and sailors. The old
boy’s measures were vigorous; he sent for the Ætat. 22. | OF ROBERT SOUTHEY. | 265 |
general of one of the provinces, appointed him commander in Brazil, and ordered
him to be ready at an hour’s notice; but old Mello
fell ill, and the general, after remaining three months at Lisbon (for during
Mello’s illness the other party managed
affairs), he found no more probability of departing than on the first day, and
he accordingly sent for his furniture, wife, and family to Lisbon. Soon after
they arrived the secretary recovered,—every thing was hurried for the
expedition,—and the wife, family and furniture, sent home again.
Mello fell ill again, every thing was at a stand, and
the general once more called his family to Lisbon. The old fellow recovered;
sent them all home again; put everything in readiness, fell ill again, and
died. The measures of the government have ever since been uniformly languid;
and, though the stupid hounds sent ships to England, and troops to Spain, they
never believed themselves at war with France till the French took their ships
at the mouth of the river!
“The meeting of the two Courts at Badajos is supposed to
have been political, and it was surmised that Spain meant to draw Portugal into
an alliance with France; they, however, parted on bad terms. War with Spain is
not improbable, and, if our minister knew how to conduct it, would amply repay
the expenses of the execrable contest. The Spanish settlements could not resist
a well-ordered expedition, and humanity would be benefited by the delivery of
that country from so heavy a yoke. There is a very seditious Spaniard there
now, preaching Atheism and
266 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | Ætat. 22. |
Isocracy; one of Godwin’s school; for
Godwin has his pupils in Spain.
“I can see no paper here but the London Chronicle, and those every other day papers
are good for nothing. Coleridge is at
Birmingham, I hear; and I hear of his projected ‘Watchman.’ I send five letters by
this post to Bristol, and two to London,—a tolerable job for one who
keeps no secretary. I shall send four by the Magician
frigate, and four more by the next packet. This is pretty well, considering I
read very hard, and spend every evening in company. . . . . I know not why I
have lost all relish for theatrical amusements, of which no one was once more
fond. The round of company here is irksome to me, and a select circle of
intimate friends is the summum bonum
I propose to myself. I leave this country in April; and, when once I reach
England, shall cross the seas no more. O the super-celestial delights of the
road from Falmouth to Launceston! Yet I do believe that Christian, in the ‘Pilgrim’s Progress,’ felt
little more pleasure at his journey’s end than I shall in traversing the
lovely hills and plains of Cornwall. . . . . John Kett was of great service to
me in Spain, and will return to England, where, as soon as I shall have pitched
my tent, I purpose burning him a sacrifice to the household gods, and inurning
his ashes with a suitable epitaph. Then shall sans
culotte be hung upon the wall, and I will make a trophy
of my travelling shoes and fur cap. I am now going out to dinner; then to see a
procession; then to talk French; then to a huge assembly, from whence there is
no returning
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before one o’clock. O midnight!
midnight! when a man does murder thee, he ought at least to get something by
it.
“Here are most excellent wines, which I do in no small
degree enjoy: the best Port; Bucellas of exquisite quality; old Hock, an old
gentleman for whom I have a very great esteem; Cape, and I have ‘good
hope’ of getting some to-day; and Malmsey such as makes a man envy
Clarence. . . . .
“Farewell! Love to Mrs.
L.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)
English poet and philosopher who projected
Lyrical Ballads (1798)
with William Wordsworth; author of
Biographia Literaria (1817),
On the Constitution of the Church and State (1829) and other
works.
William Godwin (1756-1836)
English novelist and political philosopher; author of
An Inquiry
concerning the Principles of Political Justice (1793) and
Caleb
Williams (1794); in 1797 he married Mary Wollstonecraft.
William Wyndham Grenville, baron Grenville (1759-1834)
Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, he was a moderate Whig MP, foreign secretary
(1791-1801), and leader and first lord of the treasury in the “All the Talents” ministry
(1806-1807). He was chancellor of Oxford University (1810).
Mary Lovell [née Fricker] (1771-1861 c.)
The daughter of Stephen Fricker; she performed as an actress before marrying Robert
Lovell in 1794; after his death in 1796 she was rejected by his family and lived with the
Southeys.
George Martin Maber (1766 c.-1844)
The son of Peter Maber, tobacco merchant; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, he
was chaplain to the Marquess of Bute and rector of Merthyr Tydvil in Wales
(1795-1844).
John Stuart, first marquess of Bute (1744-1814)
The son of the third earl of Bute; he was educated at Winchester and Oxford and was Tory
MP for Bossiney (1766-76); he was Ambassador to Spain (1795-96) and created Marquess of
Bute in 1796.