The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey
Robert Southey to John May, 22 January 1799
“Jan. 22. 1799.
“My dear Friend,
“Since my last my dramatic ideas have been fermenting,
and have now, perhaps, settled—at least, among my various thoughts and
outlines there is one which pleases me, and with which Wynn seems well
satisfied. I am not willing to labour in vain, and before I begin I would
consult well with him and you, the only friends who know my intention. The time
chosen is the latter part of Queen
Mary’s reign: the characters,—Sir Walter, a young convert to the Reformation;
Gilbert, the man who has converted him;
Stephen, the cousin of Sir Walter, and his heir in default of issue, a
bigoted Catholic; Mary, the betrothed of
Walter, an amiable Catholic; and her
Confessor, a pious excellent man. Gilbert
is burnt, and Walter, by his own
enthusiasm, and the bigotry and interested hopes of his cousin, condemned, but
saved by the Queen’s death. The story thus divides itself:—1. To
the discovery of Walter’s principles
to Mary and the Confessor. 2. The danger he
runs by his attentions to the accused Gilbert. 3. Gilbert’s
death. 4. Walter’s arrest. 5. The
death of the Queen. In Mary and her
Confessor I design Catholics of the most enlarged minds, sincere but
tolerating, and earnest to save Walter,
even to hastening his marriage, that the union with a woman of such known
sentiments might divert suspicion. Gilbert
is a sincere but bigoted man, one of the old reformers, ready to suffer death
for his opinions, or
Ætat. 25. | OF ROBERT SOUTHEY. | 11 |
to inflict it. Stephen, so violent in his hate of heresy as half
to be ignorant of his own interested motives in seeking Walter’s death. But it is from delineating
the progress of Walter’s mind that I
expect success. At first he is restless and unhappy, dreading the sacrifices
which his principles require; the danger of his friend and his death excite an
increasing enthusiasm; the kindness of the priest, and Mary’s love, overcome him; he consents to temporise, and
is arrested; then he settles into the suffering and steady courage of a
Christian. To this I feel equal, and long to be about it. I expect a good
effect from the evening hymn to be sung by Mary, and from the death of Gilbert. From the great window, Mary and the Confessor see the procession to the stake, and
hear the Te Deum; they turn
away when the fire is kindled, and kneel together to pray for his soul; the
light of the fire appears through the window, and Walter
Is described as performing the last office of kindness to his martyred friend.
You will perceive that such a story can excite only good feelings; its main
tendency will be to occasion charity towards each other’s opinions. The
story has the advantage of novelty; the only martyrdom-plays I know are mixed
with much nonsense—the best is Corneille’s ‘Polyeucte;’ in
English we have two bad ones from Massinger and Dryden.
When I see you I will tell you more; the little thoughts for minute parts,
which are almost too minute to relate formally in a letter.
“I come to town the week after next again: the thought
of the journey is more tolerable, as I expect relief from the exercise, for
very great exercise is
12 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | Ætat. 25. |
necessary. I do not, and will not,
neglect my health, though it requires a very inconvenient attention. My medical
guide tells me that, with my habits, the disorder must be flung off now, or it
will adhere to me through life. God bless you.
Yours affectionately,
Robert Southey.”
John Dryden (1631-1700)
English poet laureate, dramatist, and critic; author of
Of Dramatick
Poesie (1667),
Absalom and Achitophel (1681),
Alexander's Feast; or the Power of Musique (1697),
The Works of Virgil translated into English Verse (1697), and
Fables (1700).
Queen Mary I of England (1516-1558)
Daughter of Henry VIII; she was queen of England 1553-58, in 1554 she married Philip II
of Spain and reestablished Roman Catholicism in England.
Philip Massinger (1583-1649)
Jacobean playwright; author of
A New Way to Pay Old Debts (1625);
his works were edited by William Gifford (1805, 1813).