The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey
Samuel Taylor Coleridge to Robert Southey, July 1803
“. . . . . I write now to propose a scheme, or rather a
rude outline of a scheme, of your grand work. What harm can a proposal do? If
it be no pain to you to reject it, it will be none to me to have it rejected. I
would have the work entitled Bibliotheca Britannica,
218 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | Ætat. 28. |
or an History of British Literature, bibliographical,
biographical, and critical. The two last volumes I would have to be a
chronological catalogue of all noticeable or extant books; the others, be the
number six or eight, to consist entirely of separate treatises, each giving a
critical biblio-biographical history of some one subject. I will, with great
pleasure, join you in learning Welsh and Erse: and you, I, Turner, and Owen, might dedicate ourselves for the first half year to a
complete history of all Welsh, Saxon, and Erse books that are not translations,
that are the native growth of Britain. If the Spanish neutrality continues, I
will go in October or November to Biscay, and throw light on the Basque.
“Let the next volume contain the history of English poetry and poets, in which I would include all
prose truly poetical. The first half of the second volume should be dedicated
to great single names, Chaucer and
Spenser, Shakespeare, Milton and
Taylor, Dryden and Pope; the
poetry of witty logic,—Swift,
Fielding, Richardson, Sterne: I write par
hazard, but I mean to say all great names as have either
formed epochs in our taste, or such, at least, as are representative; and the
great object to be in each instance to determine, first, the true merits and
demerits of the books; secondly, what of these belong to
the age—what to the author quasi
peculium. The second half of the second volume should be a
history of poetry and romances, everywhere interspersed with biography, but
more flowing, more consecutive, more bibliographical, chronological, and
complete. The third volume I would have
Ætat. 28. | OF ROBERT SOUTHEY. | 219 |
dedicated to
English prose, considered as to style, as to eloquence, as to general
impressiveness; a history of styles and manners, their causes, their
birth-places and parentage, their analysis. . . . .
“These three volumes would be so generally interesting,
so exceedingly entertaining, that you might bid fair for a sale of the work at
large. Then let the fourth volume take up the history of metaphysics, theology,
medicine, alchemy, common, canon, and Roman law, from Alfred to Henry VII.; in
other words, a history of the dark ages in Great Britain. The fifth
volume—carry on metaphysics and ethics to the present day in the first
half; the second half, comprise the theology of all the reformers. In the
fourth volume there would be a grand article on the philosophy of the theology
of the Roman Catholic religion. In this (fifth volume), under different
names,—Hooker, Baxter, Biddle, and Fox,—the spirit of the theology of all the other parts of
Christianity. The sixth and seventh volumes must comprise all the articles you
can get, on all the separate arts and sciences that have been treated of in
books since the Reformation; and, by this time, the book, if it answered at
all, would have gained so high a reputation, that you need not fear having whom
you liked to write the different articles —medicine, surgery, chemistry,
&c. &c., navigation, travellers, voyagers, &c. &c. If I go into
Scotland, shall I engage Walter Scott to
write the history of Scottish poets? Tell me, however, what you think of the
plan. It would have one prodigious advantage: whatever accident stopped the
work, would only prevent the future good, not
220 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | Ætat. 28. |
mar the
past; each volume would be a great and valuable work per se. Then each volume would awaken a new interest, a
new set of readers, who would buy the past volumes of course; then it would
allow you ample time and opportunities for the slavery of the catalogue
volumes, which should be at the same time an index to the work, which would be,
in very truth, a pandect of knowledge, alive and swarming with human life,
feeling, incident. By the by, what a strange abuse has been made of the word
encyclopædia! It signifies, properly, grammar, logic, rhetoric, and ethics and
metaphysics, which last, explaining the ultimate principles of
grammar—log., rhet., and eth.—formed a circle of knowledge. . . . .
To call a huge unconnected miscellany of the omne
scibile, in an arrangement determined by the accident of
initial letters, an encyclopaedia, is the impudent ignorance of your
Presbyterian bookmakers. Good night!
Richard Baxter (1615-1691)
Presbyterian divine and leader of the nonconformist church in England; he was a popular
and voluminous writer. “The last words of Mr. Baxter,” referring to a dispute with his
printer, became proverbial.
John Biddle (1615 c.-1662)
English schoolmaster and religious controversialist known as the Father of Unitarianism;
he died in prison.
Sir Anthony Carlisle (1768-1840)
English surgeon and professor of anatomy at the Royal Academy (1808).
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340 c.-1400)
English Poet, the author of
The Canterbury Tales (1390 c.).
John Dryden (1631-1700)
English poet laureate, dramatist, and critic; author of
Of Dramatick
Poesie (1667),
Absalom and Achitophel (1681),
Alexander's Feast; or the Power of Musique (1697),
The Works of Virgil translated into English Verse (1697), and
Fables (1700).
Henry Fielding (1707-1754)
English dramatist, essayist, and novelist; author of
Joseph
Andrews (1742) and
The History of Tom Jones (1749).
John Foxe (1516-1587)
English martyrologist, the author of the oft-reprinted
Actes and
Monuments (1563).
Richard Hooker (1554-1600)
English theologian whose
Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Politie
(1593, 1597) became a foundational Anglican text.
John Milton (1608-1674)
English poet and controversialist; author of
Comus (1634),
Lycidas (1638),
Areopagitica (1644),
Paradise Lost (1667), and other works.
Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
English poet and satirist; author of
The Rape of the Lock (1714)
and
The Dunciad (1728).
William Owen Pughe (1759-1835)
Welsh poet, translator, antiquary and lexicographer; he was a follower of Joanna
Southcott.
Samuel Richardson (1689-1761)
English printer and novelist; author of
Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded
(1739) and
Clarissa, or the History of a Young Lady
(1747-48).
Robert Southey (1774-1843)
Poet laureate and man of letters whose contemporary reputation depended upon his prose
works, among them the
Life of Nelson, 2 vols (1813),
History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols (1823-32) and
The Doctor, 7 vols (1834-47).
Edmund Spenser (1552 c.-1599)
English poet, author of
The Shepheards Calender (1579) and
The Faerie Queene (1590, 1596).
Laurence Sterne (1713-1768)
Clergyman and novelist; author of
The Life and Opinions of Tristram
Shandy (1759-67) and
A Sentimental Journey through France and
Italy (1768).
Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)
Dean of St Patrick's, Scriblerian satirist, and author of
Battle of the
Books with
Tale of a Tub (1704),
Drapier
Letters (1724),
Gulliver's Travels (1726), and
A Modest Proposal (1729).
Sharon Turner (1768-1847)
Attorney, historian, and writer for the
Quarterly Review; he wrote
History of the Anglo-Saxons, 4 vols (1799-1805).