The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey
Robert Southey, “Memoir: Childhood Acquaintances,” 1 August 1820
Tuesday, August 1st, 1820.
Mrs. Hill, my grandmother, was, at the time of which
I am now writing, a widow; her maiden name was Bradford. I
know nothing more of her father than that he was a Herefordshire man, and must
have been of respectable property and connections, as appears by his having
married into one of the best families in the county, and sending a son to
college. His wife’s name was Mrs. Margaret
Croft.—I have it written in gold letters, with the date 1704,
in a copy of Nelson’s Festivals and Fasts, which
descended as a favourite devotional book to my mother. They had three children;
Herbert, so named after the Croft
family,—another son (William, I think, by name), who
was deaf and dumb, and just lived to grow up,—and my grandmother
Margaret.
My grandmother was very handsome: little
Georgiana Hill, my uncle says, reminds him strongly of
her; and I remember her enough to recognise a likeness in the shape of the
face, and in the large, full, clear, bright brown eyes. Her first husband,
Mr. Tyler, was of a good family in Herefordshire,
nearly related I know he was, and nephew, I think, to one of that name who was
Bishop of Hereford. He lived at Pembridge. The seat of the family was at
10 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | |
Dilwyn, where his elder brother lived, who either was not
married, or left no issue. I have hardly heard any thing of him, except that on
his wedding day he sung a song after dinner, which could not be thought very
complimentary to his bride; for, though it began by saying, “Ye gods who gave to me a wife Out of your grace and favour, To be the comfort of my life, And I was glad to have her,” |
(thus much I remember of the rhymes,) it ended with saying that, whenever
they might think fit, he was ready to resign her. It happened, however, that
the resignation was to be on the wife’s part. He died in the prime of
life, leaving four children, Elizabeth,
John, William, and
Edward; and his widow, after no very long interval,
married Edward Hill of Bedminster, in the county of
Somersetshire, near Bristol, and was transplanted with her children to that
place.
Edward Hill was the seventh in succession of that name.
His fathers had lived and died respectably and contentedly upon their own lands
in the beautiful vale of Ashton, the place of all others which I remember with
most feeling. You see it from Clifton, on the other side of the river Avon;
Warton has well characterized it in
one of his odes as Ashton’s elmy Vale. The
Hills are called gentlemen upon their tombstones in
Ashton churchyard, where my father, two of my brothers, my three sisters, and
my poor dear cousin Margaret, are deposited with them.
Edward Hill, the seventh, was a lawyer and a widower;
he had two children by his first marriage, a son,
Edward the eighth, and a daughter, old enough I
believe at the time of his second marriage for the daughter to be married, and
the son very soon to hold a commission in the marines. He was a fine handsome
man, of considerable talents, and of a convivial temper. I have heard him
spoken of with admiration by persons who were intimate with him in their youth.
He could make verses, too, after the fashion of that age. I have somewhere a
poem of his, in his own writing, which came to my mother after her
mother’s death, and, in like manner, descended into my possession: it is
not therefore without a mournful feeling that I recall to mind the time when it
was first shown me, and the amusement which it then afforded me. It was a love
poem, addressed to my grandmother during the days of courtship; it intimated
some jealousy of a rival, who was called Strephon, and there was a note at the bottom of the page upon
this name, explaining that it meant “the young Justice.”
William Tyler, the second brother, was a remarkable
person. Owing to some defect in his faculties, so anomalous in its kind that I
never heard of a similar case, he could never be taught to read; the letters he
could tell separately, but was utterly incapable of combining them, and taking
in their meaning by the eye. He could write, and copy in a fair hand any thing
that was set before him, whether in writing or in print; but it was done letter
by letter without understanding a single word. As to self-government he was
entirely incompetent, so much so that I think
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he could
hardly be considered responsible as a moral being for his actions; yet he had
an excellent memory, an observing eye, and a sort of half-saved shrewdness which would have qualified him, had he been
born two centuries earlier, to have worn motley, and figured with a cap and
bells and a bauble in some baron’s hall. Never did I meet with any man so
stored with old saws and anecdotes gathered up in the narrow sphere wherein he
moved. I still remember many of them, though he has been dead more than thirty
years. The motto to Kehama*,
as the Greek reference, when the abbreviations are rightly understood, may
show, is one of my uncle William’s sayings. When it
was found impossible to make any thing of him by education, he was left to
himself, and passed more time in the kitchen than in the parlour, because he
stood in fear of his step-father. There he learnt to chew tobacco and to drink.
Strange creature as he was, I think of him very often,
often speak of him, quote some of his odd apt sayings, and have that sort of
feeling for his memory, that he is one of the persons whom I should wish to
meet in the world to come.
The man of whom he learnt the use, or rather the abuse, of
tobacco, was a sottish servant, as ignorant as a savage of everything which he
ought to have known; that is to say of everything which ought to have been
taught him. My mother, when a very
little girl, reproved him once for swearing. “For shame,
Thomas,” she said, “you should
not say such
* I have heard my father say, that this proverb
was rendered into Greek by Mr.
Coleridge.—Ed. |
naughty words! for shame! say your prayers,
Thomas!” “No, Missey!” said
the poor wretch, “I sha’n’t; I sha’n’t say my
prayers. I never said my prayers in all my life, Missey; and I
sha’n’t begin now.” My uncle
William (the Squire he was called in the family) provoked him
dangerously once. He was dozing beside the fire, with his hat on, which, as is
still the custom among the peasantry (here in Cumberland at least), he always
wore in the house. You, perhaps, are not enough acquainted with the mode of
chewing tobacco, to know that in vulgar life a quid commonly goes through two
editions; and that after it has been done with, it is taken out of the mouth,
and reserved for a second regale. My uncle William, who
had learnt the whole process from Thomas, and always
faithfully observed it, used to call it, in its intermediate state, an old
soldier. A sailor deposits, or, if there be such a word (and if there is not,
there ought to be), re-posits it in his tobacco-box. I have heard my brother
Tom say, that this practice
occasioned a great dislike in the navy to the one and two pound notes; for when
the men were paid in paper, the tobacco-box served them for purse or
pocket-book in lack of any thing better, and notes were often rendered
illegible by the deep stain of a wet quid. Thomas’s
place for an old soldier between two campaigns, while he was napping and
enjoying the narcotic effects of the first mastication, was the brim of his
hat; from whence the Squire on this occasion stole the veteran quid, and
substituted in its place a dead mouse just taken from the trap. Presently the
sleeper, half-wakening without un-14 | LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE | |
closing his eyes, and
half-stupefied, put up his hand, and, taking the mouse with a finger and thumb,
in which the discriminating sense of touch had been blunted by coarse work and
unclean habits, opened his mouth to receive it, and, with a slow sleepy tongue,
endeavoured to accommodate it to its usual station, between the double teeth
and the cheek. Happening to put it in headforemost, the hind legs and the tail
hung out, and a minute or more was spent in vain endeavours to lick these
appendages in, before he perceived, in the substance, consistence, and taste,
something altogether unlike tobacco. Roused at the same time by a laugh which
could no longer be suppressed, and discovering the trick which had been played,
he started up in a furious rage, and, seizing the poker, would have demolished
the Squire for this practical jest, if he had not provided a retreat by having
the doors open, and taking shelter where Thomas could not,
or dared not, follow him.
Enough of Uncle William for the
present. Edward, the remaining brother of the
Tyler side, was a youth who, if he had been properly
brought up, and brought forward in a manner suitable to his birth and
connections, might have made a figure in life, and have done honour to himself
and his family. He had a fine person, a good understanding, and a sweet temper,
which made him too easily contented with any situation and any company into
which he was thrown. My grandfather has much to answer for on his account.
Except sending him to a common day-school, kept by a very uncommon sort of man,
(of whom more hereafter) he left him to himself, and
let him grow and run to seed in idleness.
My grandfather would have acquired considerable property,
if he had not been cut off by an acute disorder. He had undertaken to recover
some disputed rights for the church of which he was a parishioner, at his own
risk and expense, on condition of receiving the additional tythes which might
be eventually recovered during a certain number of years, or of being
remunerated out of them in proportion to the cost and hazard and trouble of the
adventure. The points were obstinately contested; but he carried them all, and
died almost immediately afterwards, in the year 1765, aged sixty.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)
English poet and philosopher who projected
Lyrical Ballads (1798)
with William Wordsworth; author of
Biographia Literaria (1817),
On the Constitution of the Church and State (1829) and other
works.
Robert Nelson (1656-1715)
English non-juror, builder of churches, and religious writer.
Margaret Southey [née Hill] (1752-1802)
The daughter of Edward Hill, she married the elder Robert Southey in 1772; after the
death of her husband in 1792 she operated a boarding house in Bath.
Thomas Southey (1777-1838)
The younger brother of Robert Southey; he was a naval captain (1811) and afterwards a
Customs officer. He published
A Chronological History of the West
Indies (1828).
Thomas Warton (1728-1790)
English scholar and poet; author of
The Pleasures of Melancholy
(1747),
Observations on the Fairy Queen of Spenser (1754),
The History of English Poetry, 3 vols (1774-78). He succeeded
William Whitehead as poet laureate in 1785.