Memoirs of the Rev. Samuel Parr
Ch XXIV.
CHAPTER XXIV.
Biographical notices of some of the more distinguished of Dr.
Parr’s pupils at Hatton—Thomas
Sheridan—Smitheman—Bartlam—Lord
Tamworth—Wilder—Lord
Foley—George A. Legge—P. and W.
Gell—Dr. Davy, &c.
In the list of Dr.
Parr’s pupils at Hatton, brilliant is the name which first occurs in
that of Thomas Sheridan,
son of Richard Brinsley Sheridan, and of his first
wife the celebrated Miss Linley. In the expression
of his face he much resembled his beautiful mother; and from his father, he inherited his
talents, his versatility of temper, and indolence of habit. Like his father, too, he was
noted for his love of fun and frolic, much to the annoyance of all, with whom he
associated, or near whom he resided. Even his venerable tutor was not spared; and many a
merry tale is told of the pranks, which he played off against him. But he loved his master
too well, seriously to disturb his peace, or to distress his feelings. There was, indeed,
no malignity in his mischief; and for any material injury which might result from it to
others, he was always eager to offer ample reparation.
On leaving Hatton—distinguished, it may be supposed, more for his wit than
his learning—more for the endowments with which nature had gifted him, than for those
attainments which are the
fruits of diligent application—after an
interval of time, which seems not to have been well employed, he went to Cambridge. But
here his stay was short. He soon entered into the army; and served as aide-de-camp to the
Earl of Moira. Early in life he married a Scotch
lady; and went, in the capacity of colonial paymaster, to the Cape of Good Hope. Here his
house was the constant resort of jovial company; and by the brilliancy of his wit, and the
powers of his conversation, he was the life of every party that met him, either at home or
abroad. But the dreadful, malady, of which the seeds were implanted in his constitution,
too soon began to show its alarming progress; and after a short struggle he sunk into his
grave, in the prime of manhood, leaving a widow and two children.
The next is a name ever endeared to the tender and mournful recollection of
Dr. Parr—John Smitheman; who, whilst he was pursuing his
studies at Hatton parsonage, was suddenly seized with a violent distemper, which, after a
short illness, brought him to his grave in the bloom of youth, March 25, 1794. “He
had made something more than common proficiency in literature,” says
Dr. Parr, in a short biographical memoir, “as will be
readily admitted by those who are told that at the age of sixteen, he had read
Juvenal and Persius, the orations of Aeschines,
and Demosthenes de falsa Legatione and de Corona, the tragedies of Sophocles, and the odes of Pindar;
and, as it was the intention of his instructor to lead him through the same course of
study, when his intellectual faculties were still more matured, he would have been
qua-
lified to enter with advantage upon the more arduous
pursuits of the university. To the greatest mildness of temper, and the most engaging
suavity of manner, he joined a sound understanding and an honest heart. His life was
unspotted with one vice; and his death, lamented as it is by his acquaintance, his
friends, and his family, yet must be considered by the wise and the good, as an early
and gentle wafting to immortality. The funeral was conducted with mournful solemnity.
The pall was supported by a nobleman and five neighbouring gentlemen; and a sermon was
preached on the occasion by the Rev. Mr. Morley.
The tears of his comrades, his friends, and even the unlettered villagers, who attended
the awful ceremony, were a more decisive and more honourable testimony to the virtues
of this excellent young man, than the artificial and laboured language of
panegyric.”
Another name, deeply engraven in the fond and grateful remembrance of
Dr. Parr, is that of John Bartlam; for whom he has recorded his
esteem and his affection, in the following biographical memoir:—
“He was born at Alcester, Warwickshire, in July, 1770. His
maternal ancestors were members of the Church of England; his paternal, down to his
grandfather, belonged to the Church of Rome. His father, with a well-cultivated
understanding and polished manners, was admitted to an early intimacy with the late
Marquis of Hertford; by whose kindness he was
first appointed to a military, and afterwards to a civil employment. While he was
pursuing his favourite amusement of fishing,
in an arm of the sea
near Orford in Suffolk, the boat was suddenly overset, and he was drowned, in the sight
of his villa, leaving behind him a wife and three sons.
“After the decease of her beloved husband, Mrs.
Bartlam fixed her abode at Alcester; where she received many courteous
attentions, and many important services from the noble family at Ragley. Thomas, the eldest son, after a short stay, as
colleger, at Eton, was removed to Rugby school; where his brothers, Robert and John, had been placed, under the care of the late Dr. James, who had meritoriously introduced the Eton
plan of instruction; and thus laid the foundations of all the celebrity which that
seminary afterwards acquired, and now deservedly retains. In the winter of 1786, he had
the misfortune to be in the number of those boys who, in consequence of disobedience,
were sent away.
“Hearing that his case was accompanied with many circumstances of
mitigation, Dr. Parr made some inquiries into his
general character; and finding that he was a good scholar, and had stood high in the
esteem of his master, the Doctor applied for permission to take him as a pupil. The
request was granted; and Mr. Bartlam came to
Hatton, where he had comfortable lodgings in the village, and received the same
instruction that was given to the other pupils of Dr. Parr. His
application there was diligent; his classical learning was considerable; and his good
behaviour and good nature so endeared him to the Doctor, as to produce a friendship,
which continued to the end of his life.
“Mr. B. entered as
commensalis of Merton college, May 16, 1789; was elected portionist, April 26, 1790;
took the degree of B.A. February 13, 1793; gained the Chancellor’s prize for the
English essay, 1794; was elected Fellow of Merton, August 3, 1795; took the degree of
M.A., May 25, 1796; was pro-proctor, 1805; and, in the absence of the senior proctor,
who was confined by illness, Mr. Bartlam delivered a very elegant
speech in Latin.
“In the year 1797, Mr.
Bartlam was presented to the perpetual curacy of Tetenhall,
Staffordshire, by Sir John Wrottesley; and ten
years after he resigned it, when the brother of Sir John was of
proper age to be his successor. In January, 1800, he was presented to the vicarage of
Beoley, in Worcestershire, by Mr. Holmes, and to
the curacy of Studley, by Mr. Knight of Barrels,
in Warwickshire. October the 1st, 1811, he was presented, by the warden and fellows of
Merton College, Oxford, to the vicarage of Ponteland, in Northumberland.
“When his attention was called to business by a sense of duty, he
was acute without artifice, and active without selfishness. While he filled the office
of bursar, in Merton college, he increased the revenues of the society, by judicious
improvements in the method of letting leases; and, while incumbent of Studley, he
exerted himself strenuously and successfully in founding a parochial school. At Hatton,
he was often employed by Dr. Parr as an
amanuensis; and by these means he not only increased his stock of know-
ledge, but acquired a copious, correct, and often beautiful style
in the English tongue. His letters to numerous correspondents, and his more elaborate
writings for the pulpit, abound with proofs of his erudition and his ingenuity.
“Bartlam’s
perception of beauties, in prose and verse, was quick and lively; his memory was
retentive; his flow of. words, both in writing and speaking, was ready and copious; and
his delivery, in addressing either an enlightened Or promiscuous audience, was
distinct, without ostentatious precision; animated without noisy vehemence,1 or serious without “austere
sanctimony.”1 Hence his talents and his literary
attainments procured for him the honourable distinction—“laudari a
laudatis viris;”2 and among them
may be classed Dr. Cornwall, the venerable
Bishop of Worcester; Lord
Holland; Sir Charles Monk; the
late Dr. Charles Burney; his excellent son, now living; Mr. Nichols, the intelligent and well-known conductor of the Gentleman’s Magazine; Mr. E. H. Barker, the editor of Henry Stephens’ Thesaurus; Mr. Archdeacon Butler, the editor of Æschylus; Dr. Edward
Maltby, the editor of Morrel’s
Thesaurus; Dr. Symmons, the ingenious
biographer of Milton, and translator of
Virgil; his son, John Symmons, who, like Richard
Porson, is a prodigy in extensive reading, never-failing memory, and
skilful application; the eloquent and philosophical Robert
Fellowes; the sagacious and learned Wm.
Lowndes, of Gray’s Inn; the very learned
Samuel Blomfield, who has long been
preparing an edition of Thucydides; the celebrated
Mr. Crowe, public orator at Oxford; and that
most profound scholar and exemplary Christian, Dr. Martin
Routh, president of Magdalen College.”
“Such are the excellent contemporaries, by whom John Bartlam was deservedly respected for his talents.
It is, however, to be lamented, that the luxuries of taste, which were always within
his reach, decoyed him from the toil of study; and that a consciousness of ability to
gain more knowledge, soothed him into content with that, which he had already gained.
In his political and religious creeds, he was much influenced by the precepts and the
example of his instructor. Shunning all extravagant and visionary notions about
government, he was a steady advocate for constitutional liberty; and by the natural
ardour and benevolence of his mind, he was led to be a zealous champion in the sacred
cause of toleration. Wheresoever he discerned intellectual and moral excellence, his
head and his heart led him to do homage to the possessors; nor did he stop to inquire
whether they were Non-Episcopalians or Episcopalians, Homousians or Unitarians,
Lutherans or Calvinists, Protestants or Romanists; At the same time, he was most
sincerely, and even affectionately attached to the interests and honour of the
Established Church. By the advice, and according to the practice of his preceptor, he
weighed attentively and impartially all argumentative discussions upon the merits of
that church
in doctrine or discipline; but his indignation
kindled, when those doctrines or that discipline were assailed by vulgar raillery, or
sectarian virulence. In the discharge of his pastoral duties, he was most exemplary. He
was ever ready to relieve the wants of his parishioners, to heal their disputes, to
enlighten their understandings, and encourage their virtues. Perhaps few human beings
have passed from the cradle to the grave with less annoyance from the soreness of
vanity, the restlessness of ambition, or the corrosions of envy. Unlike Carazan,1 “who was known
to every man; but by no man saluted.” Bartlam,
whether going to the sanctuary or the banquet, was greeted with a smile on every
countenance; and every voice of the poor, as he passed onward, was raised, in
supplication for his health and his happiness. Long, indeed, will he be remembered with
esteem, affection, and gratitude, by the inhabitants of Alcester, Studley, Beoley, and
many neighbouring parishes.”
“From the late Marquis of
Hertford he received occasional acts of courtesy; and there is reason to
believe that he would have been honoured with patronage from the present Marquis, who discerned clearly, and estimated justly, his
solid merit, as a man of letters, as a gentleman, and an enlightened, faithful teacher
of religion. The sweetness of his temper, and the vivacity of his conversation,
procured for him many well-wishers, and many admirers, in the higher classes of
society. Bartlam, in his ordinary intercourse
with the world,
was unaffecting, unassuming, undesigning; and, in domestic life,
he often recalled to the mind of the observer a beautiful passage in Horace,
Vivet extento Proculeius revo, Notus in fratres animi paterni.1 |
“To his surviving brother, the precentor of Exeter, and to his preceptor and guide, Dr. Parr, the loss of a companion so amiable and a
friend so faithful is irreparable.
“This excellent man died in London of an apoplexy, Thursday,
February 27. He was interred in the church of Alcester, on Friday, the 7th of March, in
the same vault with his late worthy brother, Robert. His funeral was conducted with great solemnity; and his remains
were accompanied to the grave by his brother, the precentor of Exeter, by the Hon. Mr. Eardley, by the Rev. Dr. Vaughan of Merton, by Dr.
Parr, by Dr. John Johnstone, and
by many respectable gentlemen and clergymen in the neighbourhood of
Alcester.”
In the course of the same year, Dr.
Parr had to lament the loss of two of his much-esteemed friends and pupils,
who had pursued their studies nearly at the same time, at Hatton. The one was Lord Viscount Tamworth, eldest son of Earl Ferrers, who died in the month of June, 1824. The other was Sir Francis John Wilder, Knt., who, in three successive
parliaments, was chosen representative for the borough of Arundel. Early in life he entered
into the army; and passed through the
various gradations of rank, till, in 1821, he was promoted to that of
lieutenant-general. He died at the Manor House, Binfield, in Berkshire, January 23, 1824.
Two names of noble families are next to be recorded in the number of
Dr. Parr’s pupils at Hatton. One, that of
Thomas Lord Foley; and
the other, that of the Hon. and Rev. Archdeacon Legge, of whom Dr. Parr thus speaks: “as my
friend, as a well-bred gentleman, and a pupil, well-informed ecclesiastic, he is
entitled to my warmest regards.”
Honourable mention is due to the names of Philip Gell, Esq., a few years ago high-sheriff
for the county of Derby; and of his brother, Sir William Gell, who is well known to the public as
the chamberlain to her late Majesty, Queen Caroline,
in her travels abroad, and as her faithful adherent during her cruel persecutions at home.
Furnished with all the stores of classical and elegant literature, he went to Cambridge,
and became a member of Jesus College, and afterwards a fellow of Emanuel College.
Stimulated by a rational and dignified curiosity, much to be commended in the young and the
wealthy, he set out, in 1802, on his foreign travels; and particularly devoted his
attention to the investigation of the classic ground of Phrygia Minor. The work, which he
afterwards presented to the literary world, entitled “The Topography of Troy and its vicinity, illustrated by
Drawings and Descriptions,” is most splendid and elegant. It is said that
the outlines of the views and the descriptions
are minutely correct,
and that the general resemblance to the places and the objects represented is exact and
striking.1
Among the more distinguished names of Hatton scholars, the following
remain to be added:—Dr. Davy, master of Caius
College, Cambridge—the Rev. William Philips, of
Ealing, Hants—the Rev. Samuel Hemming, of Drayton,
Warwickshire—Dr. Perkins—Robert J. West, of Alscote,
Esq.—George Newnham Collingwood, of Moor-House,
Hawkhurst, Kent, Esq.—Hon. William Spencer, author
of Leonora, and other works of
fancy—Richard Parry, Esq. of London—Henry Oddie, Esq.—Francis Hargrave,
Esq.
Aeschines (389 BC-314 BC)
Athenian orator, the rival of Demosthenes.
Edmund Henry Barker (1788-1839)
Educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, he was an improvident classical scholar, editor,
philologist, and collector of anecdotes.
John Bartlam (1770-1823)
Educated at Rugby and Merton College, Oxford; he was rector of Ponteland, and a pupil and
friend of Samuel Parr.
Robert Bartlam (1769 c.-1821)
Of Alcester, the son of Francis Bartlam; educated at Rugby, he was a Warwickshire
solicitor and neighbour of Samuel Parr, who wrote his epitaph.
Thomas Bartlam (1765 c.-1832)
The son of Francis Bartlam and elder brother of John; educated at Eton, Rugby and
Worcester College, Oxford; he curate of Exhall in Warwickshire and canon of Exeter.
Samuel Thomas Bloomfield (1783-1869)
Greek scholar and rector of Bisbrook, Rutland; he published
The History
of Thucydides (1829).
Charles Burney the younger (1757-1817)
Son of the musicologist; after a scandalous youth he became a noted scholar, book
collector, and schoolmaster at Greenwich. His collection of newspapers is now in the
British Library.
Charles Parr Burney (1785-1864)
The son of the younger Charles Burney; educated at Merton College, Oxford, he succeeded
his father at the Greenwich Academy (1814-35) and was rector of Sible Hedingham and
archdeacon of St. Albans (1840) and Colchester (1845).
George Butler (1774-1853)
Educated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, he succeeded Joseph Drury as headmaster at
Harrow after a contentious election (1805) and was dean of Peterborough (1842-1853).
Queen Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1768-1821)
Married the Prince of Wales in 1795 and separated in 1796; her husband instituted
unsuccessful divorce proceedings in 1820 when she refused to surrender her rights as
queen.
William Crowe (1745-1829)
English poet educated at Winchester and New College Oxford; he was rector of Alton
Barnes, Wiltshire; he is remember for his descriptive poem
Lewesdon
Hill (1788). He corresponded with Samuel Rogers.
Martin Davy (1763-1839)
English physician educated at Edinburgh University and Gonville and Caius College,
Cambridge; he was master of Caius and a vice-chancellor of the university.
Demosthenes (384 BC-322 BC)
Athenian orator, author of the
Philippics.
Hon. Sampson Eardley (1770-1824)
The son of the first and last baron Eardley, whom he predeceased by six months.
Robert Fellowes (1770-1847)
Educated at St Mary Hall, Oxford, after taking orders he published
Religion without Cant (1801) and was editor of the
Critical
Review (1806-11). Samuel Parr was instrumental in obtaining for him the post of
secretary to Queen Caroline.
Thomas Foley, third baron Foley (1780-1833)
Whig peer, the son of the second baron (d. 1793); educated under Samuel Parr at Hatton
and at Christ Church, Oxford, he was a privy councillor and Lord-Lieutenant of
Worcestershire (1831-33).
Henry Richard Fox, third baron Holland (1773-1840)
Whig politician and literary patron; Holland House was for many years the meeting place
for reform-minded politicians and writers. He also published translations from the Spanish
and Italian;
Memoirs of the Whig Party was published in 1852.
Philip Gell (1775-1842)
Of Hopton in Derbyshire, the elder brother of Sir William Gell; educated under Parr at
Hatton and at Manchester School, he was MP for Malmesbury (1807-12) and Penryn
(1812-18).
Sir William Gell (1777-1836)
English traveler and archaeologist; author of the
Topography of
Troy (1804),
Geography and Antiquities of Ithaca (1807),
the
Itinerary of Greece, with a Commentary on Pausanias (1810),
Itinerary of the Morea (1817),
Narrative of a
Journey in the Morea (1823), and
Itinerary of Greece
(1827).
Francis Albany James Hargrave (1779 c.-1847)
The son of the legal writer Francis Hargrave (d. 1821); educated under Samuel Parr at
Hatton, he was called to the bar from Lincoln's Inn in 1809 and worked at the House of
Lords. He contributed to the
New Monthly Magazine, and,
impoverished, spent his later days at the Charterhouse.
Samuel Bracebridge Heming (1768 c.-1856)
Educated under Samuel Parr, at Rugby School, and St John's College, Cambridge, he was
fellow of Caius (1795-98), rector of Ravenstone, Derbshire (1799-1809) and of Fenny
Drayton, Leicestershire (1824-56).
Horace (65 BC-8 BC)
Roman lyric poet; author of
Odes,
Epistles, Satires, and the
Ars Poetica.
Thomas Holmes Hunter (1751 c.-1827)
Of Beoley Hall, Worcestershire; originally Holmes, he was an East Indian merchant who
changed his name when inherited the estate of Gubhins in Hertfordshire.
Thomas James (1748-1804)
Educated at Eton and at King's College, Cambridge, he was a very successful headmaster of
Rugby School (1778-1804).
John Johnstone (1768-1836)
Educated at Kidderminster grammar school, Merton College, Oxford, and Edinburgh
University, he was a physician at Worcester and Birmingham and the editor and biographer of
Samuel Parr.
Juvenal (110 AD fl.)
Roman satirist noted, in contrast to Horace, for his angry manner.
Robert Knight (1768-1855)
Of Barrels; he was the illegitimate son of Robert Knight, first earl of Catherlough, and
an associate of Sir Francis Burdett and Douglas Kinnaird. He was a Whig MP for Wootton
Bassett (1806-07, 1811-12), Rye (1823-26), and Wallingford (1826-32).
Hon. Augustus George Legge (1773-1828)
The eighth son of the second earl of Dartmouth, he was educated at under Parr at Hatton
and at Merton College, Oxford, and was prebendary of Winchester (1817) and chancellor
(1819).
William Lowndes (1792 c.-1850)
The son of Richard Lowndes of Liverpool (d. 1801); educated at Manchester School and
Brasenose College, Oxford, he was a barrister, Queen's Counsel, and book collector
acquainted with Samuel Parr and William Roscoe.
Edward Maltby, bishop of Durham (1770-1859)
Educated under Parr at Norwich and at Pembroke College, Cambridge, he was preacher at
Lincoln's Inn (1824-33), bishop of Chichester (1831) and of Durham (1836-56). Sydney Smith
described him as “a thoroughly amiable, foolish, learned man.”
John Milton (1608-1674)
English poet and controversialist; author of
Comus (1634),
Lycidas (1638),
Areopagitica (1644),
Paradise Lost (1667), and other works.
Sir Charles Miles Lambert Monck, sixth baronet (1779-1867)
The son of Sir William Middleton, fifth baronet (1738-1795); educated at Rugby, he was MP
for Northumberland (1812-20) and the designer of his admired house and garden at Belsay
Hall. Sydney Smith described him as “quick, shrewd, original, well-informed,
eccentric, paradoxical, and contradictory.”
John Morley (1763-1804)
Educated at Tiverton School and Oriel College, Oxford, he was curate of Hampton Lucy and
Vicar of Aylesbury (1816); he was a friend of Samuel Parr and contributor to the
Oxford Review.
Gnaeus Naevius (270 BC c.-201 BC)
Roman poet and dramatist whose works survive as fragments.
George Lewes Newnham Collingwood (1782-1837)
English poet and barrister educated at Harrow, Trinity College, Cambridge, and Lincoln's
Inn; he married Sarah, daughter of Cuthbert, first baron Collingwood (1748–1810).
John Nichols (1745-1826)
English printer, editor, biographer, bibliographer, and antiquary; he was the printer of
the
Gentleman's Magazine from 1780 and its sole editor from
1792.
Henry Hoyle Oddie (1743 c.-1830)
He was a chancery solicitor, philanthropist, and friend and former student of Samuel
Parr.
Samuel Parr (1747-1825)
English schoolmaster, scholar, and book collector whose strident politics and assertive
personality involved him in a long series of quarrels.
Persius (34-62)
Roman poet, the author of six surviving satires.
William Joseph George Phillips (1778 c.-1855)
After study with Samuel Parr, he was educated at Trinity College, Oxford and at Gonville
and Caius College, Cambridge. He was vicar of Eling, Hampshire (1808-55) and rector of
Millbrooke (1812-55).
Pindar (522 BC c.-443 BC)
Greek lyric poet who celebrated athletic victories in elaborate odes that became models
for intricate and often elliptical odes in English.
Richard Porson (1759-1808)
Classical scholar and Regius Professor of Greek at Cambridge (1792); he edited four plays
of Euripides.
Martin Joseph Routh (1755-1854)
President of Magdalen College Oxford, 1791-1855; he published
Reliquiae
Sacrae (1814-48), a collection of patristic writings.
Elizabeth Ann Sheridan [née Linley] (1754-1792)
Much-admired English singer, daughter of the musician Thomas Linley; she was compelled to
give up her career upon marrying Richard Brinsley Sheridan in 1773.
Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816)
Anglo-Irish playwright, author of
The School for Scandal (1777),
Whig MP and ally of Charles James Fox (1780-1812).
Thomas Sheridan (1775-1817)
Actor, son of Richard Brinsley Sheridan and Elizabeth Linley; he was manager of Drury
Lane when it burned in 1808; he died of consumption, the disease that killed his
mother.
Robert Shirley, seventh earl Ferrers (1756-1827)
The son of Robert Shirley, sixth earl Ferrers (d. 1787); he avoided politics and devoted
himself to building and improving country estates.
John Smitheman (d. 1794)
The son of John Smitheman of West Coppice in Shropshire (d. 1809); he died while a
private pupil of Samuel Parr at West Hatton.
Sophocles (496 BC c.-406 BC c.)
Greek tragic poet; author of
Antigone and
Oedipus Rex.
William Robert Spencer (1770-1834)
English wit and author of society verse. He was the son of Lord Charles Spencer, second
son of the third duke of Marlborough, educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford. Spencer
was a friend of Fox, Sheridan, and the Prince of Wales.
Charles Symmons (1749-1826)
Educated at Westminster School, Lincoln's Inn, Glasgow University, and Cambridge, he was
a prebendary of St David's Cathedral, a playwright, and author of the life of Milton
prefixed to his
Works (1806).
John Symmons (1780 c.-1842)
The son of Charles Symmons, biographer of Milton; educated at Westminster, Christ Church,
Oxford, and Lincoln's Inn, he was a barrister on the Welsh circuit.
Thucydides (460 BC c.-395 BC c.)
Athenian historian; author of the
History of the Peloponnesian War
between Athens and Sparta (431-404 BC).
Peter Vaughan (1770 c.-1826)
The fourth son of James Vaughan MD of Leicester and younger brother of Sir Henry Halford
(d. 1844) and Sir John Vaughan (d. 1839); he was assistant-master at Rugby (1792), warden
of Merton (1810), and dean of Chester (1820).
Virgil (70 BC-19 BC)
Roman epic poet; author of
Eclogues,
Georgics, and the
Aenead.
Sir Francis John Wilder (1775 c.-1824)
After private studies with Samuel Parr and education at Eton, he pursued a military
career and was MP for Horsham (1807) and Arundel (1807-18).
John Wrottesley, first baron Wrottesley (1771-1841)
After education at Westminster School and military service he was a Whig MP for Lichfield
(1799-1806) and Staffordshire (1823-37); he was raised to the peerage in 1838.
The Adventurer. (1752-1754). The
Adventurer, edited by John Hawkesworth was collected in two
volumes. Contributors included Samuel Johnson and Joseph Warton.
The Gentleman's Magazine. (1731-1905). A monthly literary miscellany founded by Edward Cave; edited by John Nichols 1778-1826,
and John Bowyer Nichols 1826-1833.