Smiles: Memoir of John Murray

During Mrs. Murray’s absence in Edinburgh, the dwelling-house at 50 Albemarle Street was made over to the carpenters, painters and house decorators. “I hope,” said Mr. Murray to his wife, “to leave the drawing-room entirely at your ladyship’s exclusive command.” But the drawing-room was used for other purposes than the reception of society callers. It became for some time the centre of literary friendship and intercommunication at the West End. In those days there was no Athenæum Club for the association of gentlemen known for their literary, artistic, or scientific attainments. That institution was only established in 1823, through the instrumentality of Croker, Lawrence, Chantrey, Sir Humphry Davy and their friends. Until then, Murray’s drawing-room was the main centre of literary intercourse in that quarter of London. Men of distinction, from the Continent and America, presented their letters of introduction to Mr. Murray, and were cordially and hospitably entertained by him; meeting, in the course of their visits, many distinguished and notable personages.

“Among other persons, I brought letters to Gifford, the satirist, but never saw him till yesterday. Never was I so mistaken in my anticipations. Instead of a tall and handsome man, as I had supposed him from his picture—a man of severe and bitter remarks in conversation, such as I had good reason to believe him from his books, I found him a short, deformed, and ugly little man, with a large head sunk between his shoulders, and one of his eyes turned outward, but withal, one of the best-natured, most open and well-bred gentlemen I have ever met. He is editor of the Quarterly Review, and was not a little surprised and pleased to hear that it was reprinted with us, which I told him, with an indirect allusion to the review of ‘Inchiquen’s United States.’ . . . He carried me to a handsome room over Murray’s book-store, which he has fitted up as a sort of literary lounge, where authors resort to read newspapers, and talk literary gossip. I found there Elmsley, Hallam, Lord Byron’s ‘Classic Hallam, much renowned for Greek,’ now as famous as being one of his lordship’s friends, Boswell, a son of Johnson’s biographer, &c., so that I finished a long forenoon very pleasantly.”*

“I called this morning on Madame de Staël at 3 George Street, Hanover Square. It is singular that, having in Germany assisted her as a student of philosophy, I should now render her service as a lawyer. Murray, the bookseller, was with her, and I assisted at drawing up the agreement for her forthcoming work on Germany, for which she is to receive 1500 guineas.”

“Walter Scott has this moment arrived, and will call to-day between three and four, for the chance of having the pleasure of seeing you before he sets out for Scotland. I will show you a beautiful caricature of Buonaparte.”

Lord Byron called at the hour appointed, and was at once introduced to Mr. Scott, who was in waiting. They embraced each other in the most affectionate manner, and entered into a cordial conversation. How greatly Mr. Murray was gratified by a meeting which he had taken such pains to bring about, is shown by the following memorandum carefully preserved by him:—

The present Mr. Murray—then John Murray, Junior—gives his recollections as follows:—

“I can recollect seeing Lord Byron in Albemarle Street. So far as I can remember, he appeared to me rather a short man, with a handsome countenance, remarkable for the fine blue veins which ran over his pale, marble temples. He wore many rings on his fingers, and a brooch in his shirt-front, which was embroidered. When he called, he used to be dressed in a black dress-coat (as we should now call it), with grey, and sometimes nankeen trousers, his shirt open at the neck. Lord Byron’s deformity in his foot was very evident, especially as he walked downstairs. He carried a stick. After Scott and he had ended their conversation in the drawing-room, it was a curious sight to see the two greatest poets of the age—both lame—stumping

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downstairs side by side. They continued to meet in Albemarle Street nearly every day, and remained together for two or three hours at a time. Lord Byron dined several times at Albemarle Street. On one of these occasions, he met Sir John Malcolm—a most agreeable and accomplished man—who was all the more interesting to Lord Byron, because of his intimate knowledge of Persia and India. After dinner, Sir John observed to Lord Byron, how much gratified he had been to meet him, and how surprised he was to find him so full of gaiety and entertaining conversation. Byron replied, ‘perhaps you see me now at my best.’ Sometimes, though not often, Lord Byron read passages from his poems to my father. His voice and manner were very impressive. His voice, in the deeper tones, bore some resemblance to that of Mrs. Siddons.”

About this time, Mr. Murray had a personal encounter with two thieves. While returning from Stoke Newington, across the fields, he was assailed by two ruffians, who knocked him down and robbed him of his money, but did not take his watch. His brother-in-law, Elliot, referred to this circumstance in a letter (June 27th, 1815).

Shortly before this first interview between Scott and Byron the news had arrived that Bonaparte had escaped from Elba, and landed at Cannes on the 1st of March, 1815. The French troops flocked to his standard, and Europe was again thrown into a state of excitement. Mr. Elliot continued, with reference to these events:

Lord Byron did not write another ‘Ode on Napoleon.’ He was altogether disappointed in his expectations. Nevertheless, he still, like Hazlitt, admired Napoleon, and hated Wellington. When he heard of the result of the Battle of Waterloo, and that Bonaparte was in full retreat upon Paris, he said, “I’m d——d sorry for it!”

There were still meetings in Murray’s drawing-room, and literary banquets in Murray’s dining-room. On the 22nd of June, 1815, Ticknor was present at one of the dinners. He says:—

“I dined with Murray, and had a genuine bookseller’s dinner, such as Lintot used to give to Pope, and Gay and

* ‘Life, Letters, and Journals of George Ticknor’ (2nd ed.) i. p. 41.

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Swift, and Dilly to Johnson and Goldsmith. Those present were two Mr. Duncans, Fellows of New College, Oxford; D’Israeli, author of the ‘Quarrels and Calamities of Authors’; Gifford, and Campbell. The conversation of such a party could not be confined to politics, even on the day when they received full news of the Duke of Wellington’s successes; and, after they had drunk his health, and Blucher’s, they turned to literary topics as by instinct, and from seven o’clock until twelve the conversation never failed or altered. D’Israeli, who, I think, is no great favourite, though a very good-natured fellow, was rather the butt of the party. The two Duncans were acute and shrewd in correcting some mistakes in his books. Gifford sometimes defended him, but often joined in the laugh; and Campbell, whose spirits have lately been much improved by a legacy of £5000, was the life and wit of the party. He is a short, small man, and has one of the roundest and most lively faces I have seen amongst this grave people. His manners seemed as open as his countenance, and his conversation as spirited as his poetry. He could have kept us amused till morning; but midnight is the hour for separating, and the party broke up at once.”*

Byron and Southey were asked to sit for their portraits to Phillips. Though Byron was willing, and even thought it an honour, Southey pretended to grumble. To Miss Barker he wrote (9th November, 1815):—

Meanwhile Mr. Murray was again in treaty for a share in a further work by Walter Scott. No sooner was the campaign of 1815 over, than a host of tourists visited France and the Low Countries, and amongst them Murray succeeded in making his long-intended trip to Paris, and Scott set out to visit the battlefields in Belgium. Before departing, Scott made an arrangement with John Ballantyne to publish the results of his travels, and he authorized him to offer the work to Murray, Constable, and the Longmans, in equal shares.

“Mr. Walter Scott has left town to-day for the Continent, and proposes writing from thence a series of letters to supposititious correspondents, varied in matter and style according to the persons supposed to be addressed. This work is to form a demy 8vo. volume of twenty-two sheets, to sell at 12s. It is to be immediately begun on his arrival in France, and to be published, if possible, in the second week of September, when he proposes to return. His first visit is to the field of Waterloo, viâ Brussels. We print 3000 of this, and I am empowered

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to offer you one-third of the edition, Messrs. Longman and Messrs. Constable having each the same share. The terms twelve months’ acceptance for paper and print in shipment, and half profits at six months, granted now, the bills payable to me. Mr. Scott only made up his mind to-day respecting this mode of disposal.”

Mr. Murray had already reached Paris, when Ballantyne’s letter arrived in Albemarle Street, but on his return he wrote to Ballantyne as follows:—

Mr. Murray’s visit to Paris was of much interest. He set out with his friend, Mr. George Basevi, a nephew of Mr. D’Israeli, on the 14th of July, 1815, a month after the Battle of Waterloo. They reached Dover by coach, after a long and fatiguing journey. The packet was to sail on the following morning at eleven. The voyage was accomplished, with a favourable wind, in about two hours and a half, but the packet had to remain about two hours more outside the bar before it could enter Calais Harbour. At Calais, the companions hired a calèche on two wheels, with an apron of wood, and left for Paris on the following morning, making the journey by land in about three days.

“We employed ourselves yesterday in delivering our letters of introduction. The first of those to whom our letters were addressed, who happened to be at home, was a respectable merchant, a friend of Mr. Basevi. From him we first learnt the state of anxious feeling here. The military of all nations, including our own, are billeted upon individuals, and all except the English, and of course the French, behave with greater or less humanity or moderation. The Prussians have been particularly outrageous in their demands; pillaging, devastating and destroying in the provinces, wherever they came, all that they cannot use or take away, even to burning the houses and inhabitants upon whom they had lived. This is truly horrible, and much to be lamented where such retribution falls upon the innocent; but even these ought to consider justly the cause of it, and then their indignation and curses must fall, not upon the allies, but upon their own villanous army. It is most gratifying—however justly I think this nation is at length made to feel the misery they have spread over Europe—to find that the torch of retributive justice has not been consigned to the arms of the British. Respecting their conduct, there is but one universal sentiment of admiration; their forbearance has been exemplary indeed and equal to their courage, and extends to the most inferior private. The officers, this gentleman assured us, when quartered upon him, never would dine with him, though their right, nor yield to repeated solicitation, except once or twice to show their respect, and they have invariably conducted themselves, as he expressed it, ‘comme voyageurs.’ This feeling towards the English is truly gratifying to us in a foreign country at such a juncture. Buonaparte had built a bridge here—the finest in Paris—to commemorate his victory over the Prussians at Jena; this the Prussians, with some justice, absolutely swore they would blow up, and no entreaties could preserve it. The delicate ingenuity of Lord Wellington, however, saved it. He simply ordered one British soldier to walk backwards and forwards on the bridge as sentinel, and upon no account

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to quit it. The Prussians were confounded; they declared they could never destroy one English soldier. It is said, also, that the King, finding that nothing would move the determination of the Prussians, at length wrote to Blucher, saying that, as it must be so, he had only one favour to ask—that he would give him two hours’ notice before it took place, that he might be prepared to place himself upon it. The Prussians are literally execrated by the French.”

“This whole day, from 10 o’clock, we have been at a review of the British Army before Lord Wellington, the Emperors of Russia and Austria, and the King of Prussia. The troops were five hours in passing, and are computed at 70,000 men, including Hanoverians, &c.—all that formed Lord Wellington’s army. It will operate very usefully, I can see, upon this flighty and ignorant people, from the conversations I took care to place myself in the way of overhearing. They were, however, most completely astonished by the appearance of our cavalry; they had not previously any idea of them, really believing them to be contemptible. Hundreds around were vociferating sacré dieu; some of them said that they had been told that Paris had been delivered to us by the treason of Fouche, but now they saw the true cause. It was indeed a gratifying and triumphant sight for an Englishman. Our men are all such truly respectable fine fellows. The Duke had his carriage there with two ladies.

The remainder of the visit passed off very pleasantly. Basevi revelled in the statues and pictures in the Louvre, and wished to study them more. The collection contained the finest pictures in the world—which Napoleon had brought from Italy, Germany, and Holland—as well as the principal statues, included the Venus de Medici, the Laocoon, the Apollo Belvedere, and others, which were soon to be returned to the galleries from which they had been taken. To oblige Basevi, Murray consented to stay a few days longer, during which time he delivered some letters of introduction from Sir James Mackintosh, all of which proved exceedingly valuable and interesting.

After other visits—to Baron Humboldt amongst them—and several excursions in the neighbourhood of Paris—to Versailles, to Malmaison, the favourite residence of Josephine, and to St. Cloud—the pair of travellers set out from Paris to Dieppe on the 5th of August They reached Dieppe after an exhausting journey by diligence, and embarked for Newhaven. The voyage across the Channel at that time occupied more than eighteen hours. Before returning to London they visited Mr. Isaac D’Israeli, who had been ill, and told him all the news of their pleasant excursions in and about Paris.

In the meantime Ballantyne, who was printing Scott’s ‘Paul’s Letters to his Kinsfolk,’ wrote to Murray that, instead of 3000 copies, double the number, or 6000, had been thrown off, and requesting Murray to send him the bill for the additional amount, dated three months back, which was at once complied with.

Notwithstanding the commercial distress which prevailed during the early part of 1815, Mr. Murray continued increasingly busy in the publication of new works. He again undertook the publication of ‘Mungo Park’s Travels,’ though a portion of the work had been published by the African Institution in Lincoln’s Inn. Mr. Whishaw, in acknowledging the receipt from Mr. Murray of £400 for the copyright of the journals, added that “Sir Joseph Banks is much pleased with your conduct in waiving the objection arising from the publication of ‘Isaaco’s Journal,’ and has looked out some other papers which may be useful for our purpose.”

And Adam Park (Mungo’s brother), then living at Gravesend, in acknowledging the receipt of the book, wrote (29th September, 1815):—

In 1815 a very remarkable collection of documents was offered to Mr. Murray for purchase and publication. They were in the possession of one of Napoleon’s generals, a friend of Miss Waldie.* The collection consisted of the personal correspondence of Bonaparte, when in the height of his power, with all the crowned heads and leading personages of Europe, upon subjects so strictly confidential that they had not even been communicated to their own ministers or private secretaries. They were consequently all written by their own hands.

As regards the contents of these letters, Mr. Murray had to depend upon his memory, after making a hurried perusal of them. He was not allowed to copy any of them, but merely took a rough list. No record was kept of the dates. Among them was a letter from the King of Bavaria, urging his claims as a true and faithful ally, and claiming for his reward the dominion of Würtemberg.

This correspondence would probably have met with an immense sale, but Mr. Murray entertained doubts as to the propriety of publishing documents so confidential, and declined to purchase them for the sum proposed. The next day, after his refusal, he ascertained that Prince Lieven had given, on behalf of his government, not less than £10,000 for the letters emanating from the Court of Russia alone. Thus the public missed the perusal of an important series of international scandals.

Benjamin Constant wrote to Murray from Brussels, offering him for publication a work dealing with the History of the Government of France, from the return of the Royal family to the day on which the book was printed. “The period I mean to describe,” said Constant, “is better known to me than to most men in Europe, and my name will perhaps be of some interest, as a witness or an actor in the last events.” He referred Mr. Murray to Sir James Mackintosh—a friend of both—but the work does not seem to have been published—at least in English.

Some of the obscure authors who applied to Mr. Murray were exorbitant in their ideas of remuneration, but this was not the case with Miss Jane Austen, one of the most modest of authoresses. Her first novel was ‘Northanger Abbey.’ It remained long in manuscript, and eventually she succeeded in selling it to a bookseller at Bath for £10. He had not the courage to publish it, and after it had remained in his possession for some years, Miss Austen bought it back for the same money he had paid for it. She next wrote ‘Sense and Sensibility,’ and ‘Pride and Prejudice.’ The latter book was summarily rejected by

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Mr. Cadell. At length these two books were published anonymously by Mr. Egerton, and though they did not make a sensation, they gradually attracted attention, and obtained admirers. No one could be more surprised than the authoress, who received no less than £150 from the profits of her first published work—‘Sense and Sensibility.’

“I have for the first time looked into ‘Pride and Prejudice;’ and it is really a very pretty thing. No dark passages; no secret chambers; no wind-howlings in long galleries; no drops of blood upon a rusty dagger—things that should now be left to ladies’ maids and sentimental washerwomen.”

“I have read ‘Pride and Prejudice’ again—’tis very good—wretchedly printed, and so pointed as to be almost unintelligible. Make no apology for sending me anything to read or revise. I am always happy to do either, in the thought that it may be useful to you.” * * * * *

“Of ‘Emma,’ I have nothing but good to say. I was sure of the writer before you mentioned her. The MS., though plainly written, has yet some, indeed many little omissions; and an expression may now and then be amended in passing through the press. I will readily undertake the revision.”

At the time when Lord Byron’s poems and Miss Austen’s novels were published, Mr. Murray was inundated with poems and novels from all parts of the country. Some of the poets wished to have “the honour of the name of Lord Byron’s publisher on the title-page,” while one of them, a lady of Cirencester, applied to him for “his celebrity and acknowledged liberality.” Manuscripts without end came to hand; in the haste of business they were sometimes overlooked; and indignant letters arrived demanding their return. The poems and novels were for the most part declined.

“I will beg you to get a work for Mr. Lyall. His article, which I have looked at again, is truly excellent*—but you must never venture into Scotland again without a coat of mail and a blunderbuss. Seriously, the sterling, manly sense of the Review pleases me very much, indeed.”

In May 1815 Southey sent to Murray an article for the Quarterly written by a friend. Murray read it, but did not like it. He then sent it to Gifford, who wrote to him as follows:—

“The great difficulty with me is Southey. He entertains a very high opinion of his friend’s talents, as he showed by employing him, and he has seen and approved the critique. No great proof of his own modesty, you will say, and I agree with you. But he is after all the sheet anchor of the Review, and should not be lightly hurt. Grosvenor Bedford’s influence with him is so great that he can mould him as he pleases. I do think, however, that some little good may be done by a few omissions towards the conclusion. . . . I think you might have spent the day more cheerfully than in going so many miles to eat up a poor poet’s Sunday dinner. But perhaps you took a basket with you.”

Southey arrived last week from his travels, in great health and spirits. He would not go near Paris. He says that if Paris is not burnt to the ground, then the two cities that we read of in Scripture have been very ill used. He was very sorry that he missed seeing you in London. Lord Byron is perfectly well, and is in better dancing spirits than I ever knew him, expecting every day a son and heir. Mr. Hammond continues the same, and all talk of you repeatedly. Southey is sitting to Phillips for me, and I now want Crabbe, to whom I would beg the favour of a line at your leisure. Mr. Ward has just returned from Italy, and Rogers from a recent trip, to take a farewell view of the statues. Sotheby is recovering from the loss of his son in the bustle attending the preparation for ‘Ivan,’ which is to be performed at Drury Lane early in the year. Sir H. Davy read his Paper to-day at the Royal Society, on

MURRAY’S LETTERS TO SCOTT.

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his most valuable discovery of the means of preventing the fatal accidents in collieries from inflammable air. Canova is in London. Sir James Mackintosh has given up his house in town, and retired to Buckinghamshire to complete his ‘History.’ Campbell is carrying fast through the press his ‘Selections of Poetry,’ with original lives and criticisms, which are written with great simplicity and interest. Mr. Gifford is very well, and will be even better if you can find time to think of him. However, we both are aware that you are not idle; and we hope, if you have a spare moment, that you will dash us out something. I have a great many interesting works in the press. I will take care to remember you to your friends; and if I can be in any way useful to you in London, I hope you will not fail to command my services.

I was with Lord Byron yesterday. He enquired after you, and bid me say how much he was indebted to your introduction of your poor Irish friend Maturin, who had sent him a tragedy, which Lord Byron received late in the evening, and read through, without being able to stop. He was so delighted with it that he sent it immediately to his fellow-manager, the Hon. George Lamb, who, late as it came to him, could not go to bed without finishing it The result is that they have laid it before the rest of the Committee; they, or rather Lord Byron, feels it his duty to the author to offer it himself to the managers of Covent Garden. The poor fellow says in his letter that his hope of subsistence for his family for the next year rests upon what he can get for this play. I expressed a desire of doing something, and Lord Byron then confessed that he had sent him fifty guineas. I shall write to him to-morrow, and I think if you could draw some case for him and exhibit his merits, particularly if his play succeeds, I could induce Croker and Peel to interest themselves in his behalf, and get him a living.

Your interesting letter respecting poor Park’s family is at present with Whishaw, who desires me to assure you that he will try all his means to effect your benevolent object; though the chances of at least immediate success are lessened at this time by the complete derangement of all our landholders. You will have noticed, perhaps, in the Gazette, the appointment of our friend Hammond as one of the Commissioners for arranging the claims of the British in France; and he sets out for Paris in a fortnight, so that I lose my chief 4 o’clock man. Have you any fancy to dash off an article on ‘Emma’? It wants incident and romance, does it not? None of the author’s other novels have been noticed, and surely ‘Pride and Prejudice’ merits high commendation.

Scott immediately complied with Murray’s request. He did “dash off an article on ‘Emma,’” which appeared in No. 27 of the Quarterly. In enclosing his article to Murray, Scott wrote as follows:—

Enclosed is the article upon ‘Emma.’ I have been spending my holidays in the country, where, besides constant labour in the fields during all the hours of daylight, the want of books has prevented my completing the Highland article. [The ‘Culloden Papers,’ which appeared in next number.] It will be off, however, by Tuesday’s post, as I must take Sunday and Monday into the account of finishing it. It will be quite unnecessary to send proofs of ‘Emma,’ as Mr. Gifford will correct all obvious errors, and abridge it where necessary. I have obtained a promise of a provision for poor Archie Park; pray say so, with my best respects to Mr. Whishaw. I have sent a commission to Wurz and Treuttel to procure me the Benedictine edition of the French Historians.* If they should advise you that they have succeeded, and draw upon you for the price, please advise me, that I may put you in funds. I desired them to draw upon you at a month’s sight. I wrote Lord Byron a few days since. But I must to the Highlands in great haste, so this is all at present from

The article on the ‘Culloden Papers,’ which occupied fifty pages of the Review (No. 28), described the clans of the Highlands their number, manners, and habits; and gave a summary history of the Rebellion of ’45. It was graphically and vigorously written, and is considered one of Scott’s best essays. The other review, of ‘Fair Isabel of Cothele,’ was only three pages in length. The writer presumed that the MS. of the poem had been enclosed in a bureau of Walter Scott, and hence the great likeness between it and ‘The Lady of the Lake.’ It might also have been closeted with the papers of Lord Byron, and hence its resemblance to his Lordship’s works.

I have written a long letter to Gifford on all these matters. I am greatly obliged to you for settling with my newspaper man, which, I suppose, will square accounts between us for my two little articles in last number.

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Sir William Arbuthnot, first baronet (1766-1829) The son of Robert Arbuthnot; he was Lord Provost of Edinburgh from 1815 to 1817 and again from 1821 to 1823.

Jane Austen (1775-1817) English novelist, author of Sense and Sensibility (1811) and Pride and Prejudice (1813).

James Ballantyne (1772-1833) Edinburgh printer in partnership with his younger brother John; the company failed in the financial collapse of 1826.

John Ballantyne (1774-1821) Edinburgh publisher and literary agent for Walter Scott; he was the younger brother of the printer James Ballantyne.

Sir Joseph Banks (1743-1820) English naturalist; he accompanied Cook in his voyage around the world, 1768-1771 and was president of the Royal Society (1778-1820).

Mary Barker (1780 c.-1853) Writer, painter, and Robert Southey's neighbor Keswick, 1812-17; she lived in France from 1819.

Sir John Barrow, first baronet (1764-1848) English traveler, secretary of the Admiralty, and author of over two hundred articles in the Quarterly Review; he is remembered for his Mutiny on the Bounty (1831).

George Basevi the younger (1794-1845) Son of George Basevi, merchant, nephew of Isaac D'Israeli, and friend of John Murray; he worked as an architect and was the designer of Belgrave Square.

Grosvenor Charles Bedford (1773-1839) The son of Horace Walpole's correspondent Charles Bedford; he was auditor of the Exchequer and a friend of Robert Southey who contributed to several of Southey's publications.

Sir Richard Blackmore (1654-1729) Physician, poet, and critic who was the subject of much abuse among the wits; he was author of Prince Arthur: an Heroick Poem in Ten Books (1695) and several other epics allegorizing Whig doctrines.

William Blackwood (1776-1834) Edinburgh bookseller; he began business 1804 and for a time was John Murray's Scottish agent. He launched Blackwood's Magazine in 1817.

Gebhard Leberecht Blücher (1742-1819) Prussian general who fought for the allies at Leipzig and Waterloo.

James Boswell (1740-1795) Scottish man of letters, author of The Life of Samuel Johnson (1791).

James Boswell the younger (1778-1822) Barrister and scholar, son of the biographer, who edited Shakespeare with Edmond Malone.

Thomas Brown (1778-1820) Scottish philosopher, poet, and Professor of Moral Philosophy at Edinburgh (1810); Sydney Smith recalled him as “a Lake poet, a profound metaphysician, and one of the most virtuous men that ever lived.”

Margaret Agnes Bunn [née Somerville] (1799-1883) English actress who encouraged by Byron and Douglas Kinnaird got her start at Drury Lane playing Imogine in Maturin's Bertram; she married the manager Alfred Bunn in 1819.

Edmund Burke (1729-1797) Irish politician and opposition leader in Parliament, author of On the Sublime and Beautiful (1757) and Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790).

George Gordon Byron, sixth Baron Byron (1788-1824) The author of Childe Harold and Don Juan.

Thomas Cadell the younger (1773-1836) London bookseller, son of his better-known father; the younger Cadell entered into partnership with William Davies in 1793. In 1802 he married Sophia Smith, sister of James and Horace Smith of the Rejected Addresses.

Thomas Campbell (1777-1844) Scottish poet and man of letters; author of The Pleasures of Hope (1799), Gertrude of Wyoming (1808) and lyric odes. He edited the New Monthly Magazine (1821-30).

George Canning (1770-1827) Tory statesman; he was foreign minister (1807-1809) and prime minister (1827); a supporter of Greek independence and Catholic emancipation.

Antonio Canova (1757-1822) Italian neoclassical sculptor who worked at Rome.

Lazare Carnot (1753-1823) French military engineer who served under Napoleon and was exiled in 1815.

Sir Francis Leggatt Chantrey (1781-1841) English sculptor who worked as a statuary from 1804; he employed the poet Allan Cunningham in his studio from 1814. He was knighted in 1835.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834) English poet and philosopher who projected Lyrical Ballads (1798) with William Wordsworth; author of Biographia Literaria (1817), On the Constitution of the Church and State (1829) and other works.

Archibald Constable (1774-1827) Edinburgh bookseller who published the Edinburgh Review and works of Sir Walter Scott; he went bankrupt in 1826.

Benjamin Constant (1767-1830) French political theorist and novelist; author of Adolphe (1816).

George Crabbe (1754-1832) English poet renowned for his couplet verse and gloomy depictions of country persons and places; author of the The Village (1783), The Parish Register (1807), The Borough (1810), and Tales of the Hall (1819).

John Wilson Croker (1780-1857) Secretary of the Admiralty (1810) and writer for the Quarterly Review; he edited an elaborate edition of Boswell's Life of Johnson (1831).

Isaac D'Israeli (1766-1848) English essayist and literary biographer; author of Curiosities of Literature (1791). Father of the prime minister.

Sir Humphry Davy, baronet (1778-1829) English chemist and physicist, inventor of the safety lamp; in Bristol he knew Cottle, Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Southey; he was president of the Royal Society (1820).

Edward Dilly (1732-1779) London bookseller in partnership with his younger brother Charles (1737-1807); both were acquaintances of Samuel Johnson.

Sophia Dumergue (1768-1831) Daughter of Charles Francis Dumergue (1740-1814), dentist to the Prince of Wales; she was a friend of Walter Scott and godmother to his daughter Sophia.

Mr. Dusgate (1815 fl.) An acquaintance of John Murray present when Byron met Walter Scott.

Charlotte Anne Eaton [née Waldie] (1788-1859) English writer, sister of the painter Jane Waldie Watts; she published Rome in the Nineteenth Century (1820).

Maria Edgeworth (1768-1849) Irish novelist; author of Castle Rackrent (1800) Belinda (1801), The Absentee (1812) and Ormond (1817).

Thomas Egerton (1830 fl) London bookseller who began business in 1782.

William Elliot (1815 fl.) Son of the Edinburgh bookseller Charles Elliot and brother of the Anne, wife of the second John Murray.

Peter Elmsley (1774-1825) Classical scholar educated at Christ Church, Oxford, who published in the Edinburgh Review and Quarterly Review. Southey described him to W. S. Landor as “the fattest under-graduate in your time and mine.”

Mountstuart Elphinstone (1779-1859) After education in the Edinburgh High School he was in the Bengal civil service (1796); he was ambassador at Kabul (1808) and governor of Bombay (1819-27).

Joseph Fouché, duc d'Otrante (1759-1820) French politician who assisted in the downfall of Robespierre and acted as censor under Napoleon.

Frederick William, duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel [The Black Duke] (1771-1815) Leader of the Brunswick forces during the Napoleonic Wars; he was killed by at the Battle of Quatre Bras on 16 June 1815.

John Hookham Frere (1769-1846) English diplomat and poet; educated at Eton and Cambridge, he was envoy to Lisbon (1800-02) and Madrid (1802-04, 1808-09); with Canning conducted the The Anti-Jacobin (1797-98); author of Prospectus and Specimen of an intended National Work, by William and Robert Whistlecraft (1817, 1818).

John Gay (1685-1732) English poet and Scriblerian satirist; author of The Shepherd's Week (1714), Trivia (1714), and The Beggar's Opera (1727).

King George IV of Great Britain (1762-1830) Prince Regent (1811-20) and King of Great Britain (1820-1830).

Françoise-Pascal-Simon Gérard (1770-1837) French painter, the pupil and afterwards assistant of David.

Edward Gibbon (1737-1794) Author of The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776-1788).

William Gifford (1756-1826) Poet, scholar, and editor who began as a shoemaker's apprentice; after Oxford he published The Baviad (1794), The Maeviad (1795), and The Satires of Juvenal translated (1802) before becoming the founding editor of the Quarterly Review (1809-24).

Oliver Goldsmith (1728 c.-1774) Irish miscellaneous writer; his works include The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), The Deserted Village (1770), and She Stoops to Conquer (1773).

Henry Hallam (1777-1859) English historian and contributor to the Edinburgh Review, author of Introduction to the Literature of Europe, 4 vols (1837-39) and other works. He was the father of Tennyson's Arthur Hallam.

Walter Hamilton (1774-1828) Brother of the orientalist Alexander Hamilton (1762-1824) and friend of John Murray; he edited the East India Gazetteer (1815).

Edmund Hammond, baron Hammond (1802-1890) He was permanent under-secretary in the Foreign Office from 1854 to 1873, created Baron Hammond in 1874.

George Hammond (1763-1853) Friend of George Canning and one of the editors of The Anti-Jacobin; he was under-secretary for foreign affairs (1795-1806). The Quarterly Review was first proposed by Canning at a dinner party at Hammond's house.

George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) German composer who settled in England in 1712 where he composed oratorios, among them The Messiah, first produced in Dublin in 1742.

Thomas Harrison (1771-1824) Secretary to the African Institution and an associate of William Wilberforce.

William Hazlitt (1778-1830) English essayist and literary critic; author of Characters of Shakespeare's Plays (1817), Lectures on the English Poets (1818), and The Spirit of the Age (1825).

Reginald Heber, bishop of Calcutta (1783-1826) English poet and Bishop of Calcutta, author of Palestine: a Prize Poem (1807) and the hymn “From Greenland's Icy Mountains.” He was the half-brother of the book-collector Richard Heber.

Richard Heber (1774-1833) English book collector, he was the elder half-brother of the poet Reginald Heber and the friend of Walter Scott: member of the Roxburghe Club and MP for Oxford 1821-1826.

John Baker Holroyd, first earl of Sheffield (1741-1821) The friend of Edward Gibbon; MP and lord of the Board of Trade (1809), he edited Gibbon's Miscellaneous Works (1796) and Memoirs (1826).

Sir Robert John Wilmot- Horton, third baronet (1784-1841) Byron's cousin; he was MP for Newcastle under Lyme (1818-30), governor of Ceylon (1831-37), and was Augusta Leigh's representative at the destruction of Byron's memoir; he succeeded to his title in 1834.

John Hoppner (1758-1810) English portrait painter and member of the Royal Academy (1795); he was a close friend of William Gifford and the father of Byron's correspondent Richard Belgrave Hoppner.

Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt (1769-1859) German explorer and scientist who made an expeditions to Cuba, Central, and South America (1779-1804).

Washington Irving [Geoffrey Crayon] (1783-1859) American writer living in England in 1815, where he made his reputation with The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent (1820).

John Jackson (1778-1831) English painter and member of Sir George Beaumont's circle who did work for Cadell and Davies's British Gallery of Contemporary Portraits.

Francis Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey (1773-1850) Scottish barrister, Whig MP, and co-founder and editor of the Edinburgh Review (1802-29). As a reviewer he was the implacable foe of the Lake School of poetry.

Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) English man of letters, among many other works he edited A Dictionary of the English Language (1755) and Shakespeare (1765), and wrote Lives of the Poets (1779-81).

Empress Joséphine (1763-1814) Consort of Napoleon, whom she married in 1796 after her first husband was guillotined; she was divorced in 1809.

Junius (1773 fl.) Anonymous political writer who attacked the king and Tory party in the Public Advertiser, 1769-1772. There is persuasive evidence that he was Sir Philip Francis (1740-1818).

George Lamb (1784-1834) Lawyer and Whig MP for Westminster (1819) and Dungarvan (1822-34), he was the son of Elizabeth Lamb Viscountess Melbourne, possibly by the Prince of Wales. He was author of a gothic drama, Whistle for It (1807) and served with Byron on the management-committee of Drury Lane. His sister-in-law was Lady Caroline Lamb.

Sir Thomas Lawrence (1769-1830) English portrait painter who succeeded Joshua Reynolds as painter in ordinary to the king (1792); he was president of the Royal Academy (1820).

Prince Christopher Lieven (1774-1839) Russian general and ambassador to London (1812-1834).

Bernard Lintot (1675-1736) London bookseller who published Alexander Pope and John Gay.

John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) Editor of the Quarterly Review (1825-1853); son-in-law of Walter Scott and author of the Life of Scott 5 vols (1838).

Thomas Norton Longman (1771-1842) A leading London publisher whose authors included Southey, Wordsworth, Scott, and Moore.

Louis XVIII, king of France (1755-1824) Brother of the executed Louis XVI; he was placed on the French throne in 1814 following the abdication of Napoleon.

William Rowe Lyall (1788-1857) English theologian who wrote for the Quarterly Review and edited the British Critic (1816-17); he was dean of Canterbury in 1845.

Sir James Mackintosh (1765-1832) Scottish philosopher and man of letters who defended the French Revolution in Vindiciae Gallicae (1791); he was Recorder of Bombay (1803-1812) and MP for Knaresborough (1819-32).

Allan Maconochie, Lord Meadowbank (1748-1816) One of the founders of the Speculative Society; he was regius professor of public law at Edinburgh.

Sir John Malcolm (1769-1833) Indian administrator and diplomat; author of Political History of India (1811); his life of Clive was posthumously published in 1836.

Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) English political economist educated at Jesus College, Cambridge; he was author of An Essay on the Principles of Population (1798; 1803).

Empress Maria Theresa of Austria (1772-1807) The eldest daughter of Ferdinand IV & III of Naples and Sicily who in 1790 married Archduke Francis of Austria.

Charles Robert Maturin (1780-1824) Anglo-Irish clergyman, novelist, and playwright patronized by Walter Scott; author of the tragedy Betram (1816) and the novel Melmoth the Wanderer (1820).

King Maximilian I of Bavaria (1756-1825) An ally of Napoleon, he was prince-elector of Bavaria from 1799 to 1805, and king of Bavaria from 1806 to 1825.

John Herman Merivale (1779-1844) English poet and translator, friend of Francis Hodgson, author of Orlando in Ronscevalles: a Poem (1814). He married Louisa Drury, daughter of the headmaster at Harrow, and wrote for the Monthly Review while pursuing a career in the law.

John Milton (1608-1674) English poet and controversialist; author of Comus (1634), Lycidas (1638), Areopagitica (1644), Paradise Lost (1667), and other works.

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu [née Pierrepont] (1689-1762) English poet and epistolary writer, daughter of the first duke of Kingston; she quarreled with Alexander Pope and after living in Constantinople (1716-18) introduced inoculation to Britain.

Thomas Moore (1779-1852) Irish poet and biographer, author of the Irish Melodies (1807-34), The Fudge Family in Paris (1818), and Lalla Rookh (1817); he was Byron's close friend and designated biographer.

Anne Murray [née Elliot] (1782-1854) The daughter of the Scottish bookseller Charles Elliot; she married the second John Murray in 1807.

John Murray II (1778-1843) The second John Murray began the Quarterly Review in 1809 and published works by Scott, Byron, Austen, Crabbe, and other literary notables.

John Murray III (1808-1892) The son of the Anak of publishers; he successfully carried on the family publishing business.

Emperor Napoleon I (1769-1821) Military leader, First Consul (1799), and Emperor of the French (1804), after his abdication he was exiled to Elba (1814); after his defeat at Waterloo he was exiled to St. Helena (1815).

Gilbert Stuart Newton (1794-1835) Canadian-born painter of literary subjects who was the friend of Washington Irving and John Constable. Sir Walter Scott sat for him.

Sir Francis Palgrave (1788-1861) Barrister, medieval historian, and writer for the Quarterly Review; he was keeper of her majesty's records, 1838-61.

Adam Park (1778 c.-1846) Brother of the explorer Mungo Park; he was a surgeon in charge of the East India Company’s Hospital, Gravesend.

Archibald Park (1770-1820) Brother of the explorer Mungo Park; he was a farmer in Selkirk, collector of customs, and associate of Walter Scott.

Mungo Park (1771-1806) Scottish explorer who published Travels in the interior Districts of Africa (1799).

Emperor Paul I of Russia (1754-1801) Son of Catherine the Great, he was Emperor of Russia from 1796 until he was assassinated in 1801.

Sir Robert Peel, second baronet (1788-1850) Byron's schoolmate at Harrow, afterwards prime minister from 1834-1835 and 1841-1846.

Thomas Phillips (1770-1845) English painter who assisted Benjamin West, exhibited at the Royal Academy, and painted portraits of English poets including Byron, Crabbe, Scott, Southey, and Coleridge.

Richard Polwhele (1760-1838) Cornish clergyman, poet, antiquary, and correspondent of Walter Scott; he was author of The Influence of Local Attachment (1796) and satires on Jacobins and Methodists.

Alexander Pope (1688-1744) English poet and satirist; author of The Rape of the Lock (1714) and The Dunciad (1728).

Henry Crabb Robinson (1775-1867) Attorney, diarist, and journalist for The Times; he was a founder of the Athenaeum Club.

Samuel Rogers (1763-1855) English poet, banker, and aesthete, author of the ever-popular Pleasures of Memory (1792), Columbus (1810), Jaqueline (1814), and Italy (1822-28).

Lady Margaret Charlotte Scott [née Carpenter] (1770-1826) The impoverished daughter of French parents who married Walter Scott in 1797.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) Scottish poet, novelist, antiquary, biographer, editor, and sheriff.

Sarah Siddons [née Kemble] (1755-1831) English tragic actress, sister of John Philip Kemble, famous roles as Desdemona, Lady Macbeth, and Ophelia. She retired from the stage in 1812.

Léonard Simond de Sismondi (1773-1842) Swiss historian of Italian origin; author of L'Histoire des républiques italiennes du Moyen-Age (1809-18).

William Sotheby (1757-1833) English man of letters; after Harrow he joined the dragoons, married well, and published Poems (1790) and became a prolific poet and translator, prominent in literary society.

Robert Southey (1774-1843) Poet laureate and man of letters whose contemporary reputation depended upon his prose works, among them the Life of Nelson, 2 vols (1813), History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols (1823-32) and The Doctor, 7 vols (1834-47).

Germaine de Staël (1766-1817) French woman of letters; author of the novel Corinne, ou L'Italie (1807) and De l'Allemagne (1811); banned from Paris by Napoleon, she spent her later years living in Germany, Britain, and Switzerland.

Dugald Stewart (1753-1828) Professor of moral philosophy at Edinburgh University (1785-1809); he was author of Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind (1792-93).

Jean Baptiste Antoine Suard (1732-1817) French journalist and translator, member of the Académie Française, and government censor.

Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) Dean of St Patrick's, Scriblerian satirist, and author of Battle of the Books with Tale of a Tub (1704), Drapier Letters (1724), Gulliver's Travels (1726), and A Modest Proposal (1729).

George Ticknor (1791-1871) American author and Harvard professor of modern languages who travelled extensively in Europe 1815-19.

Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee (1747-1813) Sottish judge, historian, and man of letters; author of Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Henry Home, Lord Kames (1807).

John William Ward, earl of Dudley (1781-1833) The son of William Ward, third Viscount Dudley (d. 1823); educated at Edinburgh and Oxford, he was an English MP, sometimes a Foxite Whig and sometimes Canningite Tory, who suffered from insanity in his latter years.

Arthur Wellesley, first duke of Wellington (1769-1852) Soldier and statesman; commander in the Peninsular Campaign (1809-1813), he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo and was prime minister (1828-1830).

John Whishaw (1764 c.-1840) Barrister, educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; he was Secretary to the African Association and biographer of Mungo Park. His correspondence was published as The “Pope” of Holland House in 1906.

Helen Maria Williams (1761-1827) English poet, novelist, and miscellaneous writer who resided in France after 1788; she published Letters from France (1790-96).

The Edinburgh Review, or Critical Journal. (1802-1929). Founded by Francis Jeffery, Sydney Smith, and Henry Brougham, the Edinburgh Review was for decades a principal organ of Whig opinion in Britain.

The Quarterly Review. (1809-1967). Published by John Murray, the Quarterly was instigated by Walter Scott as a Tory rival to the Edinburgh Review. It was edited by William Gifford to 1824, and by John Gibson Lockhart from 1826 to 1853.

Copies of the Original Letters and Despatches of the Generals, Ministers, Grand Officers of State, &c., at Paris, to the Emperor Napoleon, at Dresden; intercepted by the advanced Troops of the Allies in the North of Germany. (London: J. Murray, 1814).

Gazetteer of Scotland: containing a particular Description of the Counties, Parishes, Islands. (Edinburgh: A. Constable and Co., 1806). Second edition.

Jane Austen (1775-1817) Emma: a Novel. In Three Volumes. 3 vols (London: J. Murray, 1816).

Jane Austen (1775-1817) Northanger Abbey: and Persuasion. 4 vols (London: John Murray, 1818).

Jane Austen (1775-1817) “Persuasion” in Northanger Abbey: and Persuasion. 4 vols (London: John Murray, 1818).

Jane Austen (1775-1817) Pride and Prejudice: a Novel. 3 vols (London: T. Egerton, 1813).

Jane Austen (1775-1817) Sense and Sensibility: a Novel. 3 vols (London: T. Egerton, 1811).

Anna Laetitia Barbauld [née Aikin] (1743-1825) The British Novelists; with an Essay, and Prefaces, biographical and critical. 50 vols (London: F. C. and J. Rivington, 1810).

Sir John Barrow, first baronet (1764-1848) “Inchiquen's Favourable View of the United States” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 10 No. 20 (January 1814): 494-530.

Grosvenor Charles Bedford (1773-1839) “Southey's Roderick” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 13 No. 25 (April 1815): 83-113. The poet had selected his own reviewer.

Thomas Brown (1778-1820) Lectures on the Philosophy of the Human Mind. 4 vols (Edinburgh: W. and C. Tait, 1820).

Thomas Brown (1778-1820) The Paradise of Coquettes: a Poem in Nine Parts. (London: John Murray, 1814). By the Edinburgh philosopher of mind.

George Gordon Byron, sixth Baron Byron (1788-1824) Ode to Napoleon Buonaparte. (London: Murray, 1814). On the abdication of Byron's hero.

Thomas Campbell (1777-1844) Specimens of the British Poets: with Biographical and Critical Notices, and an Essay on English Poetry. 7 vols (London: Murray, 1819). Campbell's prefatory remarks sparked the “Pope Controversy” between advocates of the classical and romantic schools in English poetry.

George Canning (1770-1827) Ulm and Trafalgar. (London: J. Hatchard, 1806). In verse.

John Wilson Croker (1780-1857) The Battles of Talavera: a Poem. (London: J. Murray, 1810). Ninth edition 1812.

John Wilson Croker (1780-1857) “Miss Edgeworth's Tales of Fashionable Life” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 7 No. 14 (June 1812): 329-42.

John Brand (1744-1806) Observations on Popular Antiquities: chiefly illustrating the Origin of our Vulgar Customs, Ceremonies, and Superstitions. 2 vols (London: F. C. and D. Rivington, 1813). A new edition with additions, edited by Henry Ellis (1777-1869).

Isaac D'Israeli (1766-1848) Calamities of Authors, including some Inquiries respecting their Moral and Literary Characters. (London: J. Murray, 1812). A collection of biographical essays and anecdotes reprinted throughout the nineteenth century.

Isaac D'Israeli (1766-1848) Quarrels of Authors; or, some Memoirs for our Literary History, including Specimens of Controversy to the Reign of Elizabeth. 3 vols (London: J. Murray, 1814). Excursions in literary biography.

Charlotte Anne Eaton [née Waldie] (1788-1859) Rome, in the Nineteenth Century; containing a Complete Account of the Ruins of the Ancient City, the Remains of the Middle Ages, and the Monuments of Modern Times. 3 vols (London: Archibald Constable, 1820). A popular guidebook.

Mountstuart Elphinstone (1779-1859) An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul, and its Dependencies in Persia, Tartary, and India; comprising a View of the Afghaun Nation, and a History of the Dooraunee Monarchy. (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1815).

Edward Gibbon (1737-1794) The Miscellaneous Works. 5 vols (London: J. Murray, 1814). Edited by John Holroyd, Earl of Sheffield; first published in 1796.

John Gordon (1786-1818) “The Doctrines of Gall and Spurzheim” in Edinburgh Review. Vol. 25 (June 1815): 227-268.

Henry Hallam (1777-1859) “Elton's Specimens of the Classic Poets” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 8 No. 15 (April 1815): 151-58. A review of Sir Charles Abraham Elton's work.

Walter Hamilton (1774-1828) The East India Gazetteer; containing particular Descriptions of the Empires, Kingdoms, Principalities, Provinces, Cities, Towns, Districts, Fortresses, Harbours, Rivers, Lakes, &c. of Hindostan, and the adjacent Countries, India beyond the Ganges, and the Eastern Archipelago; together with Sketches of the Manners, Customs, Institutions, Agriculture, Commerce, Manufactures, Revenues, Population, Castes, Religion, History, &c. of their various Inhabitants. (London: J. Murray, 1815). Reprinted in 2 vols, 1820.

Reginald Heber, bishop of Calcutta (1783-1826) Europe: Lines on the present War. (London: J. Hatchard, 1809).

Reginald Heber, bishop of Calcutta (1783-1826) Palestine, a Prize Poem, recited in the Theatre, Oxford, June 15, 1803. (Oxford: 1803). Several times reprinted.

Sir Richard Colt Hoare, second baronet (1758-1838) The History of Ancient Wiltshire. 3 vols (London: W. Miller, 1810-1821).

Charles Jared Ingersoll (1782-1862) Inchiquin, the Jesuit's Letters, during a late Residence in the United States of America: being a Fragment of a Private Correspondence, accidentally discovered in Europe; containing a favourable View of the Manners, Literature, and State of Society, of the United States, and a Refutation of many of the Aspersions cast upon this Country, by former Residents and Tourists. (New York: I. Riley, 1810). Anonymous: “by an unknown stranger.”

William Rowe Lyall (1788-1857) “Stewart's Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 12 No. 24 (January 1815): 281-317.

Sir James Mackintosh (1765-1832) The History of England. 10 vols (London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green and J. Taylor, 1830-1840). Published as part of the Cabinet Cyclopaedia.

Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) An Essay on the Principle of Population as it affects the future Improvement of Society. With remarks on the Speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and other writers. (London: J. Johnson, 1798). Reprinted by John Murray in 1815.

Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) An Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent and the Principles by which it is regulated. (London: J. Murray, 1815).

Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) Observations on the Effects of the Corn Laws and of a Rise or Fall in the Price of Corn on the Agriculture and general Wealth of the Country. (London: J. Murray, 1815).

Charles Robert Maturin (1780-1824) Bertram, or, the Castle of St. Aldobrand: a Tragedy in Five Acts. (London: J. Murray, 1816). A Byronic drama produced with great success by Edmund Kean at Drury Lane.

John Herman Merivale (1779-1844) Orlando in Roncesvalles, a Poem in Five Cantos. (London: J. Murray, 1814).

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu [née Pierrepont] (1689-1762) The Works of the Right Honourable Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: including her Correspondence, Poems, and Essays. 5 vols (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1817). The sixth edition, in which John Murray had a part.

Sir Francis Palgrave (1788-1861) “Paradise of Coquettes” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 12 No. 23 (October 1814): 159-79. Jonathan Cutmore's bibliography of the Quarterly Review marks the attribution as “probable.”.

Mungo Park (1771-1806) The Journal of a Mission to the Interior of Africa in the Year 1805. (London: John Murray, 1815). Edited, with a memoir, by John Whishaw.

Mungo Park (1771-1806) Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa: performed under the Direction and Patronage of the African Association, in the years 1795, 1796, and 1797. (London: G. and W. Nicol, 1799).

Richard Polwhele (1760-1838) The Fair Isabel of Cotehele, a Cornish Romance, in Six Cantos. (London: J. Cawthorn, 1815).

Richard Polwhele (1760-1838) Poems. (Truro: Messrs. Rivingstons, 1810). Five volumes in one, containing: “The Influence of Local Attachement,” “The Unsex'd Females,” “The Old English Gentleman,” “The Pneumatic Revellers,” and “Family Picture.”

Luigi Pulci (1432-1484) Il Morgante. (1483). A comic romance in which Orlando adopts the giant Morgante as his companion.

Henry Crabb Robinson (1775-1867) Diary, Reminiscences, and Correspondence. 3 vols (London: Macmillan, 1869). Edited by Thomas Sadler; reprinted with additions, 2 vols 1872.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) The Antiquary. 3 vols (Edinburgh: Constable, 1816). The third of Scott's historical novels; the “antiquary” is Jonathan Oldbuck, laird of Monkbarns.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) “Culloden Papers” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 14 No. 28 (January 1816): 283-333.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) “Emma” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 14 No. 27 (October 1815): 188-201. A review of Jane Austen's novel.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) “The Fair Isabel of Cotchele” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 14 No. 28 (January 1816): 402-5. A review of Richard Polwhele's poem.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) The Lady of the Lake: a Poem. (Edinburgh: John Ballantyne, 1810). A metrical romance set in the Highlands, often regarded as Scott's most successful poem.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) The Lord of the Isles: a Poem. (Edinburgh: A. Constable and Co., 1815). A metrical romance in six cantos.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) Paul's Letters to his Kinsfolk. (Edinburgh: A. Constable, 1816). The letters describe Walter Scott's journey to Waterloo in 1815.

Sir Walter Scott, baronet (1771-1832) Quentin Durward. 3 vols (Edinburgh: A. Constable and Co., 1823).

William Sotheby (1757-1833) Ivan, a Tragedy, in Five Acts, altered and adapted for Representation. (London: John Murray, 1816).

Robert Southey (1774-1843) The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey. 6 vols (London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1849-1850). Edited by Charles Cuthbert Southey.

Robert Southey (1774-1843) “Life of Wellington” in Quarterly Review. Vol. 13 No. 25-26 (April, July 1815): 215-75, 448-526.

Dugald Stewart (1753-1828) Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind. 3 vols (London: A. Strahan, and T. Cadell, 1792-1827).

George Ticknor (1791-1871) Life, Letters, and Journals of George Ticknor. 2 vols (Boston: J. R. Osgood, 1876). Edited by George Stillman Hillard.

Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee (1747-1813) Elements of General History, Ancient and Modern. 3 vols (Edinburgh: W. Creech, 1801-1822).

Helen Maria Williams (1761-1827) A Narrative of the Events which have taken place in France, from the Landing of Napoleon Bonaparte on the 1st of March, 1815, till the Restoration of Louis XVIII, with an Account of the Present State of Society and Public Opinion. (London: John Murray, 1815).

INFORMATION FROM TEI HEADER

Source Description:

Author: Smiles, Samuel, 1812-1904

Title: Memoir of John Murray 2 Vols (London: John Murray, 1891).

Electronic Edition:

Series: Lord Byron and his Times: http://lordbyron.org

Encoding Description: Any dashes occurring in line breaks have been removed. Obvious and unambiguous compositors’ errors have been silently corrected.

Markup and editing by: David Hill Radcliffe

Completed April 2009

Publication Statement:

Publisher: Center for Applied Technologies in the Humanities, Virginia Tech

Availability: Published under Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License