Memoir of John Murray
Walter Scott to George Ellis, 2 November 1808
We had, equally to our joy and surprise, a flying visit from
Heber about three weeks ago. He
staid but three days, but, between old stories and new, we made them very merry
in their passage. During his stay, John
Murray, the bookseller in Fleet Street, who has more real
knowledge of what concerns his business than any of his brethren—at
least, than any of them that I know—came to canvass a most important
plan, of which I am now, in “dern privacie,” to give you the
outline. I had most strongly recommended to our Lord Advocate (the Right Hon. J. C. Colquhoun) to think of some
counter measures against the Edinburgh Review, which, politically
speaking, is doing incalculable damage. I do not mean this in a party way; the
present ministry are not all I could wish them, for (Canning excepted) I doubt there is among them
too much self-seeking. . . . But their political principles are sound English
principles, and, compared to the greedy and inefficient horde which preceded
them, they are angels of light and purity. It is obvious, however, that they
want defenders, both in and out of doors. Pitt’s
“Love and fear glued many friends to him; And now he’s fallen, those tough co-mixtures melt.”
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Were this only to effect a change of hands I should expect it with more
indifference; but I fear a change of principles * The remainder of this letter, which deals with the
proposed Novelists’ Library, is printed in the preceding chapter.
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| SCOTT’S VIEWS ABOUT THE ‘QUARTERLY.’ | 101 |
is designed. The Edinburgh Review tells you coolly, “We foresee a
speedy revolution in this country as well as Mr. Cobbett;” and, to say the truth, by degrading
the person of the Sovereign, exalting the
power of the French armies and the wisdom of their counsels, holding forth that
peace (which they allow can only be purchased by the humiliating prostration of
our honour) is indispensable to the very existence of our country, I think that
for these two years past they have done their utmost to hasten the
accomplishment of their own prophecy. Of this work 9000 copies are printed
quarterly, and no genteel family can pretend to be without it, because,
independent of its politics, it gives the only valuable literary criticism
which can be met with. Consider, of the numbers who read this work, how many
are there likely to separate the literature from the politics?—how many
youths are there upon whose minds the flashy and bold character of the work is
likely to make an indelible impression?—and think what the consequence is
likely to be.
Now, I think there is balm in Gilead for all this, and that the
cure lies in instituting such a Review in London as should be conducted totally independent of
bookselling influence, on a plan as liberal as that of the Edinburgh, its
literature as well supported, and its principles English and constitutional.
Accordingly, I have been given to understand that Mr. William Gifford is willing to become the conductor of such
a work, and I have written to him, at the Lord
Advocate’s desire, a very voluminous letter on the
subject. Now, should this plan succeed, you must hang your birding-piece on its
hook, take down your old Anti-Jacobin
armour, and “remember your swashing blow.” It is
not that I think this projected Review ought to be exclusively or principally
political; this would, in my opinion, absolutely counteract its purpose, which
I think should be to offer to those who love their country, and to those whom
we would wish to love it, a periodical work of criticism conducted with equal
talent, but upon sounder principles. Is not this very possible? In point of
learning, you Englishmen have ten times our scholarship; and, as for talent and
genius, “Are not Abana and Pharpar, rivers of Damascus, better than
any of the rivers in Israel?” Have we not yourself and your
cousin, the Roses, Malthus,
Matthias,
Gifford, Heber,
and his brother? Can I not
102 | MEMOIRS OF JOHN MURRAY | |
procure you a score of blue-caps who would rather write
for us than for the Edinburgh Review if they got as much pay by it?
“A good plot, good friends, and full of expectation—an
excellent plot, very good friends!”
Heber’s fear was lest we should
fail in procuring regular steady contributors; but I know so much of the
interior discipline of reviewing as to have no apprehension of that. Provided
we are once set a-going by a few dashing numbers, there would be no fear of
enlisting regular contributors; but the amateurs must bestir themselves in the
first instance. From the Government we should be entitled to expect
confidential communications as to points of fact (so far as fit to be made
public) in our political disquisitions. With this advantage, our good cause and
St. George to boot, we may at least
divide the field with our formidable competitors, who, after all, are much
better at cutting than parrying, and whose uninterrupted triumph has as much
unfitted them for resisting a serious attack as it has done Buonaparte for the Spanish war. Jeffrey is, to be sure, a man of the most
uncommon versatility of talent, but what then?
“General Howe is a gallant commander, There are others as gallant as he.” |
Think of all this, and let me hear from you very soon on the subject.
Canning is, I have good reason to
know, very anxious about the plan. I mentioned it to Robert Dundas, who was here with his lady for a few days on a
pilgrimage to Melrose, and he highly approved of it. Though no literary man, he
is judicious, clair-voyant, and uncommonly sound-headed,
like his father, Lord Melville. With the
exceptions I have mentioned, the thing continues a secret . . . .
Ever yours,
George Canning (1770-1827)
Tory statesman; he was foreign minister (1807-1809) and prime minister (1827); a
supporter of Greek independence and Catholic emancipation.
Archibald Campbell Colquhoun (1754-1820)
Originally Campbell; he was Lord Advocate (1807) and MP for Elgin (1807-10) and
Dumbartonshire (1810-20); he was a friend of Walter Scott.
Henry Dundas, first viscount Melville (1742-1811)
Scottish politician, president of the board of control (1793-1801), secretary of war
(1794-1801); first lord of the Admiralty (1804-05).
Charles Rose Ellis, first baron Seaford (1771-1845)
English MP; he was the cousin of George Ellis and friend of George Canning, who had him
created Lord Seaford in 1826. He had been Canning's second in the 1809 duel with
Castlereagh.
George Ellis (1753-1815)
English antiquary and critic, editor of
Specimens of Early English
Poets (1790), friend of Walter Scott.
William Gifford (1756-1826)
Poet, scholar, and editor who began as a shoemaker's apprentice; after Oxford he
published
The Baviad (1794),
The Maeviad
(1795), and
The Satires of Juvenal translated (1802) before becoming
the founding editor of the
Quarterly Review (1809-24).
Reginald Heber, bishop of Calcutta (1783-1826)
English poet and Bishop of Calcutta, author of
Palestine: a Prize
Poem (1807) and the hymn “From Greenland's Icy Mountains.” He was the half-brother
of the book-collector Richard Heber.
Richard Heber (1774-1833)
English book collector, he was the elder half-brother of the poet Reginald Heber and the
friend of Walter Scott: member of the Roxburghe Club and MP for Oxford 1821-1826.
Francis Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey (1773-1850)
Scottish barrister, Whig MP, and co-founder and editor of the
Edinburgh
Review (1802-29). As a reviewer he was the implacable foe of the Lake School of
poetry.
Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834)
English political economist educated at Jesus College, Cambridge; he was author of
An Essay on the Principles of Population (1798; 1803).
Thomas James Mathias (1755-1835)
English satirist, the anonymous author of
Pursuits of Literature
(1794-98) and editor of
The Works of Thomas Gray, 2 vols (1814).
From 1817 he lived in Italy, where he translated classic English poets into Italian.
John Murray II (1778-1843)
The second John Murray began the
Quarterly Review in 1809 and
published works by Scott, Byron, Austen, Crabbe, and other literary notables.
Emperor Napoleon I (1769-1821)
Military leader, First Consul (1799), and Emperor of the French (1804), after his
abdication he was exiled to Elba (1814); after his defeat at Waterloo he was exiled to St.
Helena (1815).
William Pitt the younger (1759-1806)
The second son of William Pitt, earl of Chatham (1708-1778); he was Tory prime minister
1783-1801.
William Stewart Rose (1775-1843)
Second son of George Rose, treasurer of the navy (1744-1818); he introduced Byron to
Frere's
Whistlecraft poems and translated Casti's
Animale parlante (1819).
The Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine. (1798-1821). Edited by John Gifford as a continuation of the brilliant
Anti-Jacobin
Magazine (1797-98) with no plates, less poetry, and more book reviews.
The Quarterly Review. (1809-1967). Published by John Murray, the
Quarterly was instigated by Walter
Scott as a Tory rival to the
Edinburgh Review. It was edited by
William Gifford to 1824, and by John Gibson Lockhart from 1826 to 1853.